Pulmonary Infective Endocarditis

Pulmonary valve replacement with annulus enlargement for pulmonary valve infective endocarditis: A case report

“…Liekiene et al reported eight cases of PVIE, six of which had concomitant congenital heart disease 4 . Predisposing factors for PVIE in adult patients with noncongenital heart valve disease have been reported, including intravenous drug abuse, presence of a pacemaker, central venous catheters, alcoholism, and chronic hemodialysis 2,3 . In our case, the patient had no history of congenital heart disease, cardiac disease, narcotic medication dependence, or use of immunosuppressive medications.…”

“…PVIE is a very rare disease, present in only 1.6‐2.7% of all endocarditis cases 1‐5 . PVIE is more common in patients with congenital heart disease or after pulmonary valve surgical repair, and the number of cases in patients with noncongenital heart disease cases is small 4 …”

“…Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis is a very rare disease; it has been reported in less than 1.6%‐2.7% of all endocarditis cases 2‐5 . Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis occurs more frequently in patients with congenital heart disease than in those with noncongenital heart valves, with the latter typically occurring after intravenous drug use, pulmonary artery catheter use, or when pacemaker wires become infected 2‐4 . We present the case of a woman who was successfully treated with PVR with annulus enlargement who had no history of congenital heart disease, drug abuse, or other pertinent medical history, except for mild diabetes.…”

“…Infective endocarditis on the right side of the heart valve occurs less frequently than on the left side of the heart valve 1 . Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis is a very rare disease; it has been reported in less than 1.6%‐2.7% of all endocarditis cases 2‐5 . Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis occurs more frequently in patients with congenital heart disease than in those with noncongenital heart valves, with the latter typically occurring after intravenous drug use, pulmonary artery catheter use, or when pacemaker wires become infected 2‐4 .…”

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Infective Endocarditis

“…Despite recent advances, the IE outcome remains poor. More research is needed, particularly in uncommon subgroups such as children [14,15], pulmonary IE [16], multivalvular IE [17], patients with solid organ transplantation [18,19], bicuspid aortic valves [20], and those treated with oral therapy [21]. In addition, better prognostic markers [22,23], more specific imaging techniques [24], and improved surgical scores [25] that aid in clinical decision-making are required.…”