Pulmonary Infections Caused by Emerging Pathogenic Species of <i>Nocardia</i>

Manoharan, Harish; Selvarajan, Sribal; Sridharan, K. S.; Sekar, Uma

doi:10.1155/2019/5184386

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Ultimately, the host have to enhance a lymphocyte response and then release antibody and/or lymphocyte signals, allowing the phagocytic cells to destroy N. asteroides. Pulmonary nocardiosis is the most frequent clinical symptoms of infection because the main route of bacterial exposure is inhalation [37,38]. In some occasions, the gastrointestinal tract, especially the appendix, is penetrated.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic and phenotypic prevalence of Nocardia species in Iran: First systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over years 1992-2021

et al. 2021

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Background Nocardia species belong to the aerobic actinomycetes group of bacteria which are gram-positive and partially acid-fast Bacilli. These bacteria may sometimes be associated with nosocomial infections. Nocardia diseases are not required to be reported to public health authorities in Iran. Hence, the present study was designed to determine the prevalence of human Nocardia spp. in Iran by using a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-Analyses statement. Methods The data of the prevalence of Nocardia species were collected from databases such as Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE via Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar as well as national Iranian databases, including SID, Magiran. Analyses were conducted by STATA 14.0. Results The meta-analyses showed that the proportion of Nocardia spp. in Iranian studies varied from 1.71(1.17, 2.24) to 0.46(0.09, 0.83). N. asteroides (21% [95% CI 1.17, 2.24]), N. cyriacigeorgica (17% [95% CI 0.99, 1.77]), N. facanica (10% [95% CI 0.75, 1.00]) were considered to be common causative agents. Conclusions Our study presents that despite the fact that Nocardia spp. are normally are saprophytic organisms, are currently accounts as emerging pathogens due to an increase in immunocompromised patients among Iranian populations. Considering our results, the establishment of advanced diagnostic facilities for the rapid detection of Nocardia infections are required for optimal therapeutic strategies of Nocardia spp. in Iran. Our findings could help the programmatic management of the disease within the context of Nocardia control programs.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic and phenotypic prevalence of Nocardia species in Iran: First systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over years 1992-2021

et al. 2021

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“…In humans, Nocardia spp. predominantly causes pulmonary nocardiosis [ 1 ]. However, Nocardia species are also capable of disseminating from the primary site of infection, such as the lungs, to other organs, including the central nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid identification of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica from a brain abscess patient using MALDI-TOF-MS

Al-Mogbel

Al-bolbol

El-Khizzi

et al. 2020

Oxford Medical Case Reports

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Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (N. cyriacigeorgica) is most frequently associated with human infections, including chronic bronchitis, pulmonary disease and brain abscesses. In general, N. cyriacigeorgica causes infections in immunocompromised individuals and has been reported in clinical samples worldwide. However, the isolation and speciation of N. cyriacigeorgica in the routine diagnostic microbiology laboratory are complicated and time consuming. Recent mass spectrometry techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) have been successfully integrated into many routine diagnostic microbiology laboratories, allowing for the rapid, accurate and simple identification and speciation of many different microorganisms, including difficult-to-identify bacterial species. Here, we present a case report of a 65-year-old female patient from the neurology ward of Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who was infected with N. cyriacigeorgica. The bacterium was successfully identified by MALDI-TOF-MS, with species identification subsequently confirmed by sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA.

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“…Smears showing thin, filamentous Gram-positive bacilli need to be examined with modified acid-fast staining. [ 4 ] The value of direct microscopic Gram stain examination of specimens is immense since early diagnosis and treatment are associated with improved clinical outcomes. (4) Thorough examination of repeated samples may be required in suspected cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%