Pulmonary Function Tests in Interstitial Lung Disease

Alhamad, Esam H.; Lynch, Joseph P.; Martínez, Fernando J.

doi:10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70062-9

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 302 publications

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“…Pulmonary function tests have been used widely in ILD for establishing diagnosis, severity and prognosis, as well as for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy [16][17][18][19]. The typical observed respiratory pattern is a restrictive deficit, with decreased lung compliance and increased recoil pressures [16,20].…”

Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The typical observed respiratory pattern is a restrictive deficit, with decreased lung compliance and increased recoil pressures [16,20]. Underlying mechanisms are multifactorial, including loss of lung volume, reduced alveolar elasticity and size and increased surface tension [19]. Static lung volumes, such as vital capacity, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity (TLC) are reduced, as is the forced vital capacity (FVC).…”

Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, DLCO and transfer coefficient are predictive of desaturation during exercise, reflecting the degree of diffusion limitation as well as the severity of pulmonary vascular insufficiency [22]. Finally, resting blood gas abnormalities include hypoxaemia and increased alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient (PA-aO 2 ) [16,17,19].…”

Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exertional dyspnoea in interstitial lung diseases: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Bonini

Fiorenzano

2017

Eur Respir Rev

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Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) represent a heterogeneous group of pathologies characterised by alveolar and interstitial damage, pulmonary inflammation (usually associated with fibrosis), decreased lung function and impaired gas exchange, which can be attributed to either a known or an unknown aetiology. Dyspnoea is one of the most common and disabling symptoms in patients with ILD, significantly impacting quality of life. The mechanisms causing dyspnoea are complex and not yet fully understood. However, it is recognised that dyspnoea occurs when there is an imbalance between the central respiratory efferent drive and the response of the respiratory musculature. The respiratory derangement observed in ILD patients at rest is even more evident during exercise. Pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for exertional dyspnoea and reduced exercise tolerance include altered respiratory mechanics, impaired gas exchange, cardiovascular abnormalities and peripheral muscle dysfunction.This review describes the respiratory physiology of ILD, both at rest and during exercise, and aims to provide comprehensive and updated evidence on the clinical utility of the cardiopulmonary exercise test in the assessment and management of these pathological entities. In addition, the role of exercise training and pulmonary rehabilitation programmes in the ILD population is addressed.

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Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resting Respiratory Physiology In Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exertional dyspnoea in interstitial lung diseases: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Bonini

Fiorenzano

2017

Eur Respir Rev

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“…58 Pulmonary function studies have shown restrictive lung volumes and capacities, proportionately normal or supernormal flow relative to the lung volumes and a decrease in the carbon monoxide transfer factor. [6][7][8]58 There may be hypoxemia with a widened alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient that increases with exercise.…”

Section: Pulmonary Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8]58 There may be hypoxemia with a widened alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient that increases with exercise. 58 Gas transfer and desaturation on exercise are well correlated with the extent of disease on high-resolution CT. [6][7][8]58 To follow disease progression, serial measurements of vital capacity and forced vital capacity may be helpful and are noninvasive and inexpensive.…”

Section: Pulmonary Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current understanding of the pathogenesis and the status of treatment

Khalil

O’Connor²

2004

Canadian Medical Association Journal

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IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS (IPF) is a progressive and lethal pulmonary fibrotic lung disease. The diagnostic histological changes are called usual interstitial pneumonia and are characterized by histological temporal heterogeneity, whereby normal lung tissue is interspersed with interstitial fibrosis, honeycomb cysts and fibroblast foci. Pulmonary functions show restricted volumes and capacities, preserved flows and evidence of decreased gas exchange. High-resolution computed axial tomography demonstrates evidence of fibrosis and lung remodelling such as honeycomb cysts and traction bronchiectasis. There is no known effective treatment for IPF, but lung transplantation improves survival.

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Diagnostic Strategies

Johns¹,

Crockett²

2005

Evidence‐based Respiratory Medicine

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Pulmonary Function Tests in Interstitial Lung Disease

Cited by 54 publications

References 302 publications

Exertional dyspnoea in interstitial lung diseases: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Exertional dyspnoea in interstitial lung diseases: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current understanding of the pathogenesis and the status of treatment

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