Pulmonary Function Testing

Schlegelmilch, Rolf M.; Kramme, Rüdiger

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4_8

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[42][43][44] Significantly higher V T was observed at air flows of 0.7-1 L/s, which was expected due to the direct relationship between air flow and volume. 45 Inspiratory (1.15-1.36 s) and expiratory (1.50 -1.81 s) times were within commonly reported values in the literature. 46 In subjects with COPD, the breathing pattern has also been found to be similar during constant and incremental loaded breathing tests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Computerized Respiratory Sounds Are a Reliable Marker in Subjects With COPD

Jácome

Marques²

2015

Respir Care

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BACKGROUND: Computerized respiratory sounds have shown potential in monitoring respiratory status in patients with COPD. However, the variability and reliability of this promising marker in COPD are unknown. Therefore, this study assessed the variability and reliability of respiratory sounds at distinct air flows and standardized anatomic locations in subjects with COPD. METHODS: A 2-part study was conducted. Part 1 assessed the intra-subject reliability of respiratory sounds at spontaneous and target (0.4 -0.6 and 0.7-1 L/s) air flows in 13 out-patients (69.3 ؎ 8.6 y old, FEV 1 of 70.9 ؎ 21.4% of predicted). Part 2 characterized the inter-subject variability and intra-subject reliability of respiratory sounds at each standardized anatomic location, using the most reliable air flow, in a sample of 63 out-patients (67.3 ؎ 10.4 y old, FEV 1 of 75.4 ؎ 22.9% of predicted). Respiratory sounds were recorded simultaneously at 7 anatomic locations (trachea and right and left anterior, lateral, and posterior chest). Air flow was recorded with a pneumotachograph. Normal respiratory sound intensity and mean number of crackles and wheezes were analyzed with validated algorithms. Inter-subject variability was assessed with the coefficient of variation, and intra-subject reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: Relative reliability was moderate to excellent for normal respiratory sound intensity and mean number of crackles (ICC of 0.66 -0.89) and excellent for mean number of wheezes (ICC of 0.75-0.99) at the 3 air flows. Absolute reliability was greater at target air flows, especially at 0.4 -0.6 L/s. Inter-subject variability was high for all respiratory sound parameters and across locations (coefficient of variation of 0.12-2.22). Respiratory sound parameters had acceptable relative and absolute intra-subject reliability at the different anatomic locations. The only exception was the mean number of crackles at the trachea, for which both relative and absolute reliability were poor. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory sound parameters are more reliable at an air flow of 0.4 -0.6 L/s and are reliable overall at all anatomic locations. This should be considered in future studies using computerized auscultation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Computerized Respiratory Sounds Are a Reliable Marker in Subjects With COPD

Jácome

Marques²

2015

Respir Care

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“…Three satisfactory readings were taken, allowing 5 minutes rest between efforts, and the best value was considered. 1 Forced vital capacity (FVC in liter), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV 1 in liter), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF in liter per second) were considered for comparisons and correlations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chest size and mobility, strength of respiratory muscles, and size of the airways are some of the important factors affecting spirometric findings. 1,2,3 Chest expansion (CE) is defined as the difference between chest circumferences at maximal inhalation and maximal exhalation. 4 Normal chest wall mobility is important for lung expansion and subsequent ventilation; thus measurement of CE, that is cirtometry, is one of the simplest techniques to evaluate respiratory function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating Spirometric Parameters with Breath-Holding Time and Maximum Chest Expansion in Healthy Young Adults

Amatya

Pun

2019

Nep. Med. Coll. J.

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The spirometric measurements are very sensitive, accurate and reliable parameters, which have diagnostic as well as prognostic values. We aimed to find the reliability of two simple measurements, namely chest expansion and voluntary breath holding, which are often suggested as tools for screening and monitoring of respiratory diseases. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on students of Nepal Medical College. Measurements of spirometry (forced vital capacity, FVC in liter; forced expiratory volume in first second, FEV1 in liter; and peak expiratory flow rate, PEF in liter persecond), cirtometry (average of maximum chest expansion, CE in centimeter), and breath-holding time (maximum voluntary apnea at end-inspiration, MVAIT and maximum voluntary apnea at end expiration, MVAET in second) were performed. Degrees of correlation (Pearson’s r) were determined between different parameters; setting level of significance at 95%. Total 308 students (M=164, 53.25%;F=144, 46.75%) participated. Owing to very highly significant differences between males and females, gender-separate correlations were determined. In males, CE correlation was very highly significant (p=0.000) with FVC and FEV1 but not with PEF. MVAET correlated significantly with FVC, FEV1 and PEF; MVAIT correlation was not significant with any parameters. In females, CE correlation was significant with FVC and FEV1 but not with PEF; MVAET and MVAIT correlations were not significant with any of the parameters. In conclusion, the correlation of CE with different spirometric parameters is significant but not very strong (0.3<r<0.5). Also, gender differences exist. Therefore, using CE and breath-holding time may not be appropriate to assess respiratory ventilatory function.

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“…According to the Hagen-Poiseuille law, volumetric flow rate (Q) through a mouthpiece is proportional to the pressure drop (∆P) as shown in equation (1), where K is a constant that depends on the dimensions of the mouthpiece and the viscosity of the flow [6].…”

Section: B Quantifying Air Flow Rate Using Differential Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Microcontroller-based real-time alveolar breath sampling system

Silva

Beyette

2013

2013 IEEE 56th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

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In spite of its potential as a non-invasive, high throughput evaluation method for diagnosis of various metabolic conditions and diseases, breath analysis still remains underutilized and underdeveloped. This is largely attributed to the poor correlation between the identified biomarker compounds and the associated pathology, lack of adequate instruments capable of collecting a standardized breath sample and limitations in detecting and interpreting breath analysis data. This paper presents a microcontroller-based, real-time breath sampling system capable of selectively sampling over multiple breath cycles, only the deep alveolar air that is known to contain Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of clinical/diagnostic interest and diverting dead space air away from the VOCs detecting instrumentation. By addressing the limitation associated with producing a repeatable standardized breath sample in the existing breath sampling devices, this work seeks to resolve one of the fundamental requirements necessary for implementing a Point-of-Care (POC) diagnostic breath analyzer.

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Pulmonary Function Testing

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Computerized Respiratory Sounds Are a Reliable Marker in Subjects With COPD

Computerized Respiratory Sounds Are a Reliable Marker in Subjects With COPD

Correlating Spirometric Parameters with Breath-Holding Time and Maximum Chest Expansion in Healthy Young Adults

Microcontroller-based real-time alveolar breath sampling system

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