Pulmonary Emphysema Diagnosis with a Preclinical Small-Animal X-ray Dark-Field Scatter-Contrast Scanner

Yaroshenko, Andre; Meinel, Felix G.; Bech, Martin; Tapfer, Arne; Velroyen, Astrid; Schleede, Simone; Auweter, Sigrid; Bohla, Alexander; Yildirim, Ali Önder; Nikolaou, Konstantin; Bamberg, Fabian; Eickelberg, Oliver; Reiser, Maximilian; Pfeiffer, Franz

doi:10.1148/radiol.13122413

Cited by 106 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As for laboratory phase-contrast lung imaging, elegant previous work based on the integrated (low-spatial resolution) dark-field scattering signal from a GBI system has successfully demonstrated discrimination between healthy and diseased lungs, with pulmonary emphysema2829. The method shown in the present paper provides detailed imaging data of the 3D lung structure from the organ to close to the cellular scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

High-resolution short-exposure small-animal laboratory x-ray phase-contrast tomography

Larsson

Vågberg

Yaroshenko

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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X-ray computed tomography of small animals and their organs is an essential tool in basic and preclinical biomedical research. In both phase-contrast and absorption tomography high spatial resolution and short exposure times are of key importance. However, the observable spatial resolutions and achievable exposure times are presently limited by system parameters rather than more fundamental constraints like, e.g., dose. Here we demonstrate laboratory tomography with few-ten μm spatial resolution and few-minute exposure time at an acceptable dose for small-animal imaging, both with absorption contrast and phase contrast. The method relies on a magnifying imaging scheme in combination with a high-power small-spot liquid-metal-jet electron-impact source. The tomographic imaging is demonstrated on intact mouse, phantoms and excised lungs, both healthy and with pulmonary emphysema.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

High-resolution short-exposure small-animal laboratory x-ray phase-contrast tomography

Larsson

Vågberg

Yaroshenko

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Although current resolutions are limited to tens of microns, improvements in grating fabrication should see resolutions approaching 1 μm being realised. Similarly, larger area gratings are leading to the development of clinical and pre-clinical DPC systems (Stutman et al, 2011;Bravin et al, 2013;Yaroshenko et al, 2013;Scherer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Case Study 3 -Imaging Of Living Organisms (Chrysalises)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional visualisation of soft biological structures by X-ray computed micro-tomography

Shearer

Bradley

Hidalgo‐Bastida

et al. 2016

Journal of Cell Science

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Whereas the two-dimensional (2D) visualisation of biological samples is routine, three-dimensional (3D) imaging remains a time-consuming and relatively specialised pursuit. Current commonly adopted techniques for characterising the 3D structure of non-calcified tissues and biomaterials include optical and electron microscopy of serial sections and sectioned block faces, and the visualisation of intact samples by confocal microscopy or electron tomography. As an alternative to these approaches, X-ray computed micro-tomography (microCT) can both rapidly image the internal 3D structure of macroscopic volumes at sub-micron resolutions and visualise dynamic changes in living tissues at a microsecond scale. In this Commentary, we discuss the history and current capabilities of microCT. To that end, we present four case studies to illustrate the ability of microCT to visualise and quantify: (1) pressure-induced changes in the internal structure of unstained rat arteries, (2) the differential morphology of stained collagen fascicles in tendon and ligament, (3) the development of Vanessa cardui chrysalises, and (4) the distribution of cells within a tissue-engineering construct. Future developments in detector design and the use of synchrotron X-ray sources might enable real-time 3D imaging of dynamically remodelling biological samples.

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“…With an incremental modification to the conventional X-ray imaging apparatuses, this technology is able to yield three different physical contrasts of the underlying sample in one scan: the conventional absorption contrast, differential phase contrast (DPC) and small-angle scattering contrast, resulting in much richer information than the traditional absorption-based imaging approaches [1][2][3][4]. Successful experiments have been demonstrated for mammography [5], hand imaging [6,7] and lung imaging [8,9] using a X-ray tube-based configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spline based iterative phase retrieval algorithm for X-ray differential phase contrast radiography

Nilchian¹,

Wang²,

Thuering³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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Differential phase contrast imaging using grating interferometer is a promising alternative to conventional X-ray radiographic methods. It provides the absorption, differential phase and scattering information of the underlying sample simultaneously. Phase retrieval from the differential phase signal is an essential problem for quantitative analysis in medical imaging. In this paper, we formalize the phase retrieval as a regularized inverse problem, and propose a novel discretization scheme for the derivative operator based on B-spline calculus. The inverse problem is then solved by a constrained regularized weighted-norm algorithm (CRWN) which adopts the properties of B-spline and ensures a fast implementation. The method is evaluated with a tomographic dataset and differential phase contrast mammography data. We demonstrate that the proposed method is able to produce phase image with enhanced and higher soft tissue contrast compared to conventional absorption-based approach, which can potentially provide useful information to mammographic investigations.

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Pulmonary Emphysema Diagnosis with a Preclinical Small-Animal X-ray Dark-Field Scatter-Contrast Scanner

Cited by 106 publications

References 21 publications

High-resolution short-exposure small-animal laboratory x-ray phase-contrast tomography

High-resolution short-exposure small-animal laboratory x-ray phase-contrast tomography

Three-dimensional visualisation of soft biological structures by X-ray computed micro-tomography

Spline based iterative phase retrieval algorithm for X-ray differential phase contrast radiography

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