Pulmonary Embolism and Splenic Infarction Caused by Polycythemia Vera

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary embolism and splenic infarction are rare in patients with embolism caused by polycythemia vera, which is easy to be neglected. Case presentation: We presented a case who was diagnosed with pulmonary embolism and splenic infarction caused by polycythemia vera. The patient’s main symptoms were chest tightness, cough and sputum expectoration. Anti-infection, bronchial relaxation and phlegm treatments did not release his symptoms. Pulmonary artery Computed Tomography Angiography showed pulmonary embolism and the abdomen CT showed multiple low-density changes in the spleen. Bone marrow aspiration cytology, biopsy and genetic testing confirmed polycythemia vera. Symptoms relieved after treatment with low molecular weight heparin, hydroxyurea, diuresis, vasodilation and oxygen inhalation.Conclusions: This case emphasized that patients with polycythemia vera should be considered with the possibility of embolism, and we should give early interventions to minimize or delay the harm caused by its complications.