In the absence of established therapeutic regimens, early risk stratification has been the first approach for the management of COVID -19, with the aim to facilitate patient allocation according to disease severity and available resources. 5-7 Subsequently, with the improvement of the clinical and pathophysiological knowledge on COVID -19, research quickly focused on therapeutic strategies. With more and more robust data available, either supporting or discouraging the use of what was an empiric treatment, scientific societies could come up with new recommendations 8 and updates have been subsequently released. 9 Introduction SARS -CoV -2 was first detected at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province in China. Since then, the infection has spread all over the world, leading to a pandemic. 1,2 The disease caused by SARS -CoV -2, namely, COVID -19, has so far resulted in more than 4 million deaths. With very limited scientific and clinical knowledge about the disease, national health systems worldwide have been put under enormous pressure. As a result, healthcare providers have been overwhelmed by a multitude of patients with COVID -19 of varying severity, without access to effective treatment. 3,4