Pulmonary edema induced by allergen challenge in the rat: Noninvasive assessment by magnetic resonance imaging

Beckmann, Nicolau; Tigani, Bruno; Ekatodramis, Dimitrios; Borer, Robert C.; Mazzoni, Lazzaro; Fozard, John R.

doi:10.1002/1522-2594(200101)45:1<88::aid-mrm1013>3.0.co;2-n

Cited by 87 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The reduction in size of the severely-damaged left lobe allowed the heart to move toward the left side of the thorax, occupying part of the space previously used by the left lobe. The fact that the left lobe was more affected than the right lobes is consistent with previous observations showing that allergen challenge in sensitized rats (22,25) or even experimentally-induced emphysema (27) seem to affect the left lobe in greater proportion than the right lobes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A single slice image was obtained by computing the 2D Fourier transform (2DFT) of the averaged signal from 45 individual image acquisitions and interpolating the data set to 256 ϫ 256 pixels. An average of 45 individual image acquisitions has been shown earlier to be effective for suppressing cardiac and respiratory movement artifacts (22,24,25). There was an interval of 530 msec between individual image acquisitions, resulting in a total acquisition time of 59 seconds for a single slice.…”

Section: Mri Acquisition Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedure has been extensively described earlier (22). Segmentation parameters were the same for all analyzed images, chosen to segment regions corresponding to high-intensity signals.…”

Section: Mr Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed description of the procedure to obtain BAL fluid and the analysis of the parameters of inflammation therein has been provided earlier (22,24). Briefly, after killing the animals with an overdose of pentothal, the lungs were lavaged three times with 4 mL of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid ϩ phosphate buffered saline (solution A).…”

Section: Bal Fluid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bleomycin‐induced lung injury assessed noninvasively and in spontaneously breathing rats by proton MRI

Karmouty‐Quintana

Cannet

Zurbruegg

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To apply proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to assess noninvasively and in spontaneously breathing rats, structural changes following a single intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM). Materials and Methods:Rats were scanned by MRI prior to BLM or vehicle administration and at six hours, 24 hours, week 1, and at weeks 2, 3, 6, and 8 after treatment. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and histological analyses were performed at 24 hours, and at weeks 1 and 8 (histology only).Results: Prominent MRI fluid signals were detected in the lungs of BLM-treated rats one week after challenge. These signals correlated with increased inflammatory parameters in BAL fluid and with marked perivascular and parenchymal infiltration with inflammatory cells in histological slices. At week 2 the MRI signals due to edema resolved, but nevertheless an increase in MRI signal intensity from the lung parenchyma was apparent. In some areas of the right lung the MRI signal intensity in the parenchyma decreased between weeks 2 and 8. These observations were in line with histology demonstrating collagen deposition and atelectasis (hallmarks of fibrosis) at week 1 and a partial recovery of the lung parenchyma at week 8. Conclusion:The data demonstrate the ability of proton MRI to detect BLM-induced lung fibrosis as well as the acute inflammatory response caused by the agent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Mri Acquisition Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mr Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bal Fluid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bleomycin‐induced lung injury assessed noninvasively and in spontaneously breathing rats by proton MRI

Karmouty‐Quintana

Cannet

Zurbruegg

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Unfortunately, this technique has not been shown to be a useful assessment of airway inflammation in asthmatics [15], unless under conditions of a segmental allergen challenge [16,17], most likely because neutrophils, a cell-type with a debatable association to allergic asthma, use more glucose than other cell types when activated [18,19]. Magnetic resonance imaging has also been used to detect inflammatory changes [20][21][22] as well as functional disruption after allergen exposure [23] in experimental models of asthma. Although this modality provides superior soft tissue contrast with no known deposition of radiation, CT is more widely available and is more commonly associated with PET and single photon emission CT (SPECT) radio-imaging technologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of allergic lung inflammation by computed tomography in a rat model in vivo

Jobse

Johnson²,

Farncombe³

et al. 2009

European Respiratory Journal

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The ability of micro-computed tomography (CT) to noninvasively evaluate allergic pulmonary inflammation in an experimental model was investigated. In addition, two image segmentation methods and the value of respiratory gating were investigated in the context of this model.Brown Norway rats were exposed to one of four doses of house dust mite (HDM) extract (0, 0.15, 15 or 150 mg) delivered intratracheally every 24 h for 10 days. CT scanning was performed at baseline and after several longitudinal HDM exposures.Both thoracic-and lung-segmentation methods yielded similar results when standardisation practices were employed. While tissue histology correlated well with CT images, cell counts from bronchoalveolar lavage depicted greater inflammation than did density measures from CT images. Evidence from representative CT slices and transaxial density distribution indicated that inflammation was primarily associated with major airways and extended into the periphery from these focal points. Respiratory gating demonstrated that images of the inspiratory state provided greater contrast of inflammatory processes. Lastly, decreases in tidal volumes indicated significant mechanical respiratory changes in animals exposed to both 15 and 150 mg.In summary, CT image segmentation can extract pertinent data on in vivo allergic airway/lung inflammation. Furthermore, respiratory gating provides additional contrast and insight into these quantification practices.

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From anatomy to the target: Contributions of magnetic resonance imaging to preclinical pharmaceutical research

Beckmann

Mueggler²,

Allegrini³

et al. 2001

Anat. Rec.

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In recent years, in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) methods have become established tools in the drug discovery and development process. In this article, the role of MR imaging (MRI) in the preclinical evaluation of drugs in animal models of diseases is illustrated on the basis of selected examples. The individual sections are devoted to applications of anatomic, physiologic, and "molecular" imaging providing, respectively, structural-morphological, functional, and target-specific information. The impact of these developments upon clinical drug evaluation is also briefly addressed. MRI IN THE DRUG DISCOVERY/ DEVELOPMENT PROCESSThe rapid advance of imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; see Box 1 for abbreviations) has made them indispensable tools in clinical diagnosis. Whereas the drive for method development was clearly given by clinical applications, recently similar approaches became available for experimental studies in research animals as well. The major issues that have to be addressed in animal imaging are the demands for high spatial resolution and the associated issues of improved sensitivity. From a technologic point of view, the status of clinical and animal MRI today can be considered equivalent. It is precisely the link between preclinical and clinical applications that renders MRI so attractive in pharmacologic research. In this review, we illustrate the role of MRI in the preclinical evaluation of drugs in animal models of diseases.Animal models are used in several phases of the drug development process. The first steps are the identification and validation of a potential drug target. Genetically engineered animals are being increasingly used in this early phase. Later in the process, the safety and efficacy of drug candidates are evaluated in animal models of human diseases. Ideally, in order that study paradigms be easily transferable to clinical drug development, questions concerning drug absorption, distribution, efficacy, metabolism, and elimination should be addressed in a noninvasive manner with high sensitivity and spatial resolution.For most drugs, average tissue con-

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Pulmonary edema induced by allergen challenge in the rat: Noninvasive assessment by magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 87 publications

References 21 publications

Bleomycin‐induced lung injury assessed noninvasively and in spontaneously breathing rats by proton MRI

Bleomycin‐induced lung injury assessed noninvasively and in spontaneously breathing rats by proton MRI

Evaluation of allergic lung inflammation by computed tomography in a rat model in vivo

From anatomy to the target: Contributions of magnetic resonance imaging to preclinical pharmaceutical research

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