abdominal pressure, plateau pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure, threshold opening pressure, ventilator-induced lung injury. COI Statement: Mr. Kallet has received honorarium from Nihon Kohden for lectures given on the topic of alveolar recruitment maneuvers. Neither of the other authors have a conflict of interest to declare. Literature Review (RHK) Manuscript Development and Review (RHK, MSL, GB), Supplementary Data Abstraction and Analysis (GB) Some data was presented in abstract form (GB) during Open Forum at the 64 th AARC International Respiratory Congress in Las Vegas NV. December 2018.