Pulmonary Barotrauma in a Free Diver Who Breathed Compressed Air at Depth: Case Report

Toklu, Akın Savaş; Hobek, A; Erelel, Mustafa; Toker, Alper

doi:10.5336/medsci.2010-17849

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

2012

DOI: 10.5336/medsci.2010-17849

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Pulmonary Barotrauma in a Free Diver Who Breathed Compressed Air at Depth: Case Report

Akın Savaş Toklu¹,

A Hobek²,

Mustafa Erelel³

et al.

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2024

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Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

Mitchell

2024

Diving Hyperb Med

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Decompression illness is a collective term for two maladies (decompression sickness [DCS] and arterial gas embolism [AGE]) that may arise during or after surfacing from compressed gas diving. Bubbles are the presumed primary vector of injury in both disorders, but the respective sources of bubbles are distinct. In DCS bubbles form primarily from inert gas that becomes dissolved in tissues over the course of a compressed gas dive. During and after ascent (‘decompression’), if the pressure of this dissolved gas exceeds ambient pressure small bubbles may form in the extravascular space or in tissue blood vessels, thereafter passing into the venous circulation. In AGE, if compressed gas is trapped in the lungs during ascent, pulmonary barotrauma may introduce bubbles directly into the pulmonary veins and thence to the systemic arterial circulation. In both settings, bubbles may provoke ischaemic, inflammatory, and mechanical injury to tissues and their associated microcirculation. While AGE typically presents with stroke-like manifestations referrable to cerebral involvement, DCS can affect many organs including the brain, spinal cord, inner ear, musculoskeletal tissue, cardiopulmonary system and skin, and potential symptoms are protean in both nature and severity. This comprehensive overview addresses the pathophysiology, manifestations, prevention and treatment of both disorders.

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Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

Mitchell

2024

Diving Hyperb Med

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Pulmonary Barotrauma in a Free Diver Who Breathed Compressed Air at Depth: Case Report

Cited by 1 publication

References 4 publications

Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

Decompression illness: a comprehensive overview

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