Pullout behaviour of inclined shallow plate anchors in sand

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study on the pullout behaviour of inclined shallow plate anchors subject to axial pull in sand. The 1g model tests were performed to examine the effects of anchor inclination and sand-anchor interface conditions on the load-displacement response and the associated failure and deformation mechanisms of plate anchors at various embedment ratios and sand densities. The anchor pullout capacity was found to increase continuously with the load inclination angle to the vertical (), and the increase was more significant for  from º to º. The effect of sand-anchor interface conditions was negligible for horizontal plate anchors (º) but it became increasingly significant at larger inclination angles. The effects of these two factors both decreased with an increasing embedment ratio. Their influences on the failure and deformation mechanisms were measured and analysed using a digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Based on the test data and results available in the literature, a simple empirical method for the prediction of pullout resistance of inclined plate anchors in sand is calibrated and recommended.

An anchoring system for supporting platforms for wind energy devices

“…Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers -Geotechnical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.22.00245 clay varied with anchor shape, soil strength and the depth below the seabed, normalised by anchor width (Aubeny, 2019;Das and Seeley, 1975;Giampa et al, 2019;Jalilvand et al, 2022;Lai et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2010Liu et al, , 2012Meyerhof and Adams, 1968;Neubecker and Randolph, 1996;O'Neill et al, 2003;Roy et al, 2021aRoy et al, , 2021bSahoo and Ganesh, 2018;Thorne, 1998;Vesic, 1971: Yu et al, 2015: Zhuang et al, 2022. Novel concepts such as the suction embedded plate anchor (Zook and Keith, 2009), OMNI-Max anchor (Kim and Hossain, 2017), multiline ring anchor (Lee et al, 2021, Lee andAubeny, 2020), fish anchor (Chang et al, 2019, Hossain et al, 2023 and dynamically embedded plate anchor (O'Loughlin et al, 2014) have been developed in recent years.…”

Improvement of inclined anchors pullout capacity in geogrid-reinforced sand

“…The use of inclined anchors in combination with shallow foundations can be found in transmission towers [1]. The pullout capacity of inclined anchors in sand is well investigated in the literature [2][3][4]. The influence of geogrid reinforcement on the pullout capacity of anchor has been studied previously [5,6] using small-scale laboratory experiments.…”