Pullout behaviors of single yarn and textile in cement matrix at elevated temperatures with varying loading speeds

State-of-the-Art Review on Experimental Investigations of Textile-Reinforced Concrete Exposed to High Temperatures

“…However, these studies have focused on the performance of the composite rather than on the bond specifically. The observations generally comply with the results reported by De Andrade Silva et al [29] and Liu et al [30], but no pull-out tests have been conducted to compare the results numerically. Therefore, the results of these studies [31,32] are presented in the following paragraphs where the performance of the composite is discussed.…”

“…Regarding the coated textiles, for temperatures below 200 • C, De Andrade Silva et al [29] reported improved performance of the polymer-coated textile-reinforced specimens tested after cooling down (due to the melting and re-stiffening of the coating). On the contrary, all cases tested by Liu et al [30] experienced significant reductions (ranging between 20% and 60%) after exposure to 100 • C. The differences between the results might lie in many parameters, such as the different thermomechanical behavior of each polymer coating, the different testing mechanism and different geometry, the matrix compositions, etc. Hence, the results are not adequate to draw reliable results.…”

“…The study of De Andrade Silva et al [29] investigated the residual bond behavior of coated versus uncoated carbon fiber-reinforced concrete specimens exposed to temperatures up to 600 • C, by double-sided pull-out tests. Liu et al [30] tested the effect of temperature on epoxy-impregnated, single and double yarn specimens, of glass and basalt fibers, embedded into a cementitious matrix. The exposure temperatures were up to 600 • C and the specimens were tested after cooling down (residual capacity).…”

Durability of Textile Reinforced Concrete: Existing Knowledge and Current Gaps

“…It is clear that high temperatures can lead to deterioration of TRC composites [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], although in some cases an enhancement of the tensile and bond strength is reported up until to 150-200 • C [32,33,35,41]. After this point and by increasing the temperature up to 600 • C, the TRC degradation signs were revealed because of the coatings thermal decomposition and the dehydration of the matrix [33].…”

“…After this point and by increasing the temperature up to 600 • C, the TRC degradation signs were revealed because of the coatings thermal decomposition and the dehydration of the matrix [33]. Additionally, it was reported that the high temperature can lead to a change of failure mode; textile degradation; and degradation of the textile-to-mortar interface [36,39,40].…”