Publisher's Note: Optically enabled magnetic resonance study of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>As</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>75</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Sb</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>121</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Si</mm

Salvail, Jeff Z.; Dluhy, Phillip; Morse, K. J.; Szech, Michael; Saeedi, K.; Huber, Julian; Riemann, H.; Abrosimov, Nikolai V.; Becker, Peter; Pohl, H.‐J.; Thewalt, M. L. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.93.239905

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The quantum system used in this work is the electron and nuclear spins of the phosphorus donor ( 31 P) in isotopically enriched 28 Si. Naturally occurring silicon consists of three isotopes, 28 Si, 29 Si, and 30 Si, and by essentially removing the other two isotopes we remove spatial variations in the local band gap energy, as well as the nuclear spins of the 29 Si, resulting in a so called "semiconductor vacuum" [1]. The system is then analogous to a hydrogen atom in a vacuum [21].…”

Section: Phosphorus Donor Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies at nonzero B 0 have shown that the removal of inhomogeneous isotope broadening, realized by using highly enriched 28 Si, makes it possible to resolve the hyperfine-split D 0 ground state components in the absorption spectrum of the donor bound exciton (D 0 X). Optical transitions between these components can also be used to hyperpolarize the spin system and to measure the populations in the various hyperfine states [16].…”

Section: Phosphorus Donor Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample studied for this research was a small 5.0 × 4.7 × 1.7 mm piece cut from a slice of the Avogadro crystal (Si28-10Pr11.02.2). This crystal was grown by the Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth (Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung) as part of the Avogadro project and was enriched to 99.995% 28 Si [24]. After being cut to size, the sample was etched in a 10 : 1 mixture of HNO 3 : HF to remove surface damage.…”

Section: A Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Zero-field optical magnetic resonance study of phosphorus donors in 28-silicon

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Donor spins in silicon are some of the most promising qubits for upcoming solid-state quantum technologies. The nuclear spins of phosphorus donors in enriched silicon have among the longest coherence times of any solid-state system as well as simultaneous qubit initialization, manipulation and readout fidelities near ∼ 99.9%. Here we characterize the phosphorus in silicon system in the regime of "zero" magnetic field, where a singlet-triplet spin clock transition can be accessed, using laser spectroscopy and magnetic resonance methods. We show the system can be optically hyperpolarized and has ∼ 10 s Hahn echo coherence times, even at Earth's magnetic field and below.

show abstract

Section: Phosphorus Donor Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phosphorus Donor Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Zero-field optical magnetic resonance study of phosphorus donors in 28-silicon

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This spinselective excitation can be used as an electrical detection mechanism for the electron spin of the donor [22], called Auger-electron-detected magnetic resonance (AEDMR) [4]. In samples with high purity and at low temperatures (typically T < 5 K), it is even possible to optically resolve the hyperfine splitting [22,23] enabling the optical [24,25] and electrical [4] detection of the nuclear spin state.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron nuclear double resonance with donor-bound excitons in silicon

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present Auger-electron-detected magnetic resonance (AEDMR) experiments on phosphorus donors in silicon, where the selective optical generation of donor-bound excitons is used for the electrical detection of the electron spin state. Because of the long dephasing times of the electron spins in isotopically purified 28 Si, weak microwave fields are sufficient, which allow to realize broadband AEDMR in a commercial ESR resonator. Implementing Auger-electron-detected ENDOR, we further demonstrate the optically-assisted control of the nuclear spin under conditions where the hyperfine splitting is not resolved in the optical spectrum. Compared to previous studies, this significantly relaxes the requirements on the sample and the experimental setup, e.g. with respect to strain, isotopic purity and temperature. We show AEDMR of phosphorus donors in silicon with natural isotope composition, and discuss the feasibility of ENDOR measurements also in this system. Spin-to-charge conversion in electrically detected magnetic resonance provides a very sensitive way of measuring the spins of donors in silicon [1][2][3][4], enabling the detection of single spins [5,6], as well as spin resonance experiments at low or zero external magnetic field [7][8][9]. In the context of quantum computation, where the electron and nuclear spins of donors in silicon are interesting because of their extremely long coherence times [4,[10][11][12][13], electrical detection, as well as electrical control [14][15][16][17], could facilitate an integration of quantum bits with current semiconductor technology. In the case of electrical detection based on spin-dependent recombination, the time scales which can be addressed can be limited by the spin lifetime of the particular readout partner [8,18] which in turn also limits the nuclear spin coherence time of neutral donors [19,20]. The spin-tocharge conversion based on the creation of donor-bound excitons (DBE), on the other hand, does not have this effect [4]. DBE complexes can be formed by resonant infrared laser excitation and almost immediately decay in an Auger process generating nonequilibrium charge carriers in the conduction band, allowing the detection of the optical transition as a photocurrent. In particular in isotopically purified 28 Si, these infrared transitions can be remarkably sharp and the Zeeman interaction of the donor and the DBE complex with magnetic fields can be resolved in the optical spectra [21,22]. This spinselective excitation can be used as an electrical detection mechanism for the electron spin of the donor [22], called Auger-electron-detected magnetic resonance (AEDMR) [4]. In samples with high purity and at low temperatures (typically T < 5 K), it is even possible to optically resolve the hyperfine splitting [22,23] In silicon with natural isotope composition ( nat Si), the line broadening connected to random positions of the different isotopes in the host crystal renders this selective excitation of donors in a certain nuclear spin state impossible [26,27]. While el...

show abstract

“…Due to different interaction strengths with their surroundings, they form a powerful combination of a fast, but more volatile electron spin and a slower, but very coherent nuclear spin qubit [9][10][11]. This nuclear spin is I = 1/2 for phosphorus, but systems with a higher nuclear spin can be realized by simply replacing phosphorus by the other hydrogenic donors As (I = 3/2) [12,13], Sb (5/2 and 7/2) [14,15], and Bi (9/2) [16][17][18]. Several advantages of the d-dimensional Hilbert spaces of such systems, sometimes called qudits, have been proposed, such as the realization of simpler and more efficient gates [19,20] or more secure quantum cryptography [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-Quantum Transitions and Charge-Induced Decoherence of Donor Nuclear Spins in Silicon

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We study single-and multi-quantum transitions of the nuclear spins of ionized arsenic donors in silicon and find quadrupolar effects on the coherence times, which we link to fluctuating electrical field gradients present after the application of light and bias voltage pulses. To determine the coherence times of superpositions of all orders in the 4-dimensional Hilbert space, we use a phasecycling technique and find that, when electrical effects were allowed to decay, these times scale as expected for a field-like decoherence mechanism such as the interaction with surrounding 29 Si nuclear spins.Aiming for the realization of a scalable quantum technology, the electron and nuclear spins of phosphorus donors in silicon have been studied extensively [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Due to different interaction strengths with their surroundings, they form a powerful combination of a fast, but more volatile electron spin and a slower, but very coherent nuclear spin qubit [9][10][11]. This nuclear spin is I = 1/2 for phosphorus, but systems with a higher nuclear spin can be realized by simply replacing phosphorus by the other hydrogenic donors As (I = 3/2) [12,13], Sb (5/2 and 7/2) [14,15], and Bi (9/2) [16][17][18]. Several advantages of the d-dimensional Hilbert spaces of such systems, sometimes called qudits, have been proposed, such as the realization of simpler and more efficient gates [19,20] or more secure quantum cryptography [21]. In addition, one higher order system can replace several qubits, simplifying their physical implementation [22]. These concepts usually require coherent superpositions of higher orders, which show specific interactions with their surroundings that can be reflected in the observed coherence times. In particular, the additional quadrupole interaction with electric field gradients arising from strain [13,23,24] or defect states [25], has to be considered for heavier dopants. In this work, we study first-and higher-order coherences of ionized As donors in silicon. By including light and voltage pulses in the experiment, we are able to link the additional quadrupolar decoherence effect to the electrical environment of the nucleus and show that it vanishes, when the sample is allowed to relax electrically. In addition, we use a phase cycling technique to study superpositions of all orders and find that the coherence times scale inversely proportional to the coherence order, as expected for a field-like decoherence mechanism such as the interaction with surrounding 29 Si nuclear spins. The Hamiltonian H characterizing ionized arsenic donors with nuclear spin I = {I x , I y , I z } in a magnetic field B z can be written as where ν 0 = γ n B z with the nuclear gyromagnetic ratio γ n and h is Planck's constant. The second term on the right hand side of (1) describes the nuclear quadrupole interaction with an effective electric field gradient V 33 , here approximated to first order [26], withwhere Q is the nuclear quadrupole moment, e is the elementary charge, and ϑ describes the angle between B z and...

show abstract

Publisher's Note: Optically enabled magnetic resonance study ofAs75andSb121inSi

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Zero-field optical magnetic resonance study of phosphorus donors in 28-silicon

Zero-field optical magnetic resonance study of phosphorus donors in 28-silicon

Electron nuclear double resonance with donor-bound excitons in silicon

Multiple-Quantum Transitions and Charge-Induced Decoherence of Donor Nuclear Spins in Silicon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About