Publisher’s Note: Observation of Geometric Parametric Instability Induced by the Periodic Spatial Self-Imaging of Multimode Waves [Phys. Rev. Lett.116, 183901 (2016)]

Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.183901.

Far-detuned cascaded intermodal four-wave mixing in a multimode fiber

“…(3)] are identical to those obtained from the collective approach [11,12]. However, the GPI sidebands in a highly MMF have a bell-shaped spatial distribution [12], which is completely different from the case of a FMF. Indeed, as can be seen from Figs.…”

“…Multimode fibers (MMFs) recently have attracted renewed interest in the context of spatial-division multiplexing (SDM) for increasing the capacity of fiber-based communications [1]. Research on MMF led to new nonlinear spatiotemporal phenomena such as multimode solitons, geometric parametric instability (GPI), supercontinuum (SC) generation, and selfinduced beam cleaning [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among MMFs, parabolic graded-index multimode fibers (GRIN-MMFs) have the unique property of supporting guided modes with equally spaced propagation constants and nearly identical group velocities [3,4].…”

“…When a large number of modes is initially excited in MMFs, the frequencies of the parametric lines can be determined through a collective approach involving the dynamics of the total field, as proposed by Longhi [11]. The longitudinal spatial intensity oscillations of a multimode beam give rise to GPI and multiple sidebands that can be generated far away from the pump (shifts larger than 100 THz) [11,12]. This self-induced phase-matching mechanism is analogous to quasi-phase matched wave (QPM) generation in periodic amplified transmission systems or dispersion-managed fibers [13][14][15].…”

Spatiotemporal characterization of supercontinuum extending from the visible to the mid-infrared in a multimode graded-index optical fiber

“…In addition, KSC occurs before a substantial pump spectral broadening has occurred [3]. For powers above the KSC threshold, nonlinear spectral broadening in MMFs results from a complex interplay between the spatial and temporal degrees of freedom [7][8][9]. Because of the self-imaging of the multimode beams in a GRIN MMF, the Kerr effect leads to a long-period intensity grating which induces mode conversion [4] and quasi-phase-matched (QPM) four-wave mixing (FWM) [10].…”

Coexistence of collapse and stable spatiotemporal solitons in multimode fibers

“…The MMFs with large core can potentially be used for rather different, albeit important high-power applications. However, a similar challenge in this case is to control the spatial coherence and resulting beam size.Recent studies of MMFs suggest that interesting dynamics can occur in the nonlinear regime [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In this regime, the waveguide modes, which may number from a few to up to thousands, strongly affect each other through nonlinear processes [20,25].…”