Public Transit and Air Pollution

Rivers, Nicholas; Saberian, Soodeh; Schaufele, Brandon

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3049945

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Overall, they find a reduction of approximately 4% in pollutant measurements in the first months after metro openings. Similar results are found in national studies for Germany (Lalive et al, 2017), China (Zheng et al, 2017, India (Goel and Gupta, 2014) and Canada (Rivers and Plumptre, 2016;Rivers et al, 2017).…”

Section: 1 Public Transport and Environmental Measuressupporting

confidence: 87%

Motor Vehicle Density and Air Pollution in Greater Cairo

Heger¹,

Wheeler²,

Zens³

et al. 2019

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Some rights reserved This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank with external contributions. Note that the World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. This report is a product of The World Bank. It reflects the findings of the World Bank study team, and does not necessarily represent the views of the Ministry of Environment of Egypt and its Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of the World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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Section: 1 Public Transport and Environmental Measuressupporting

confidence: 87%

Motor Vehicle Density and Air Pollution in Greater Cairo

Heger¹,

Wheeler²,

Zens³

et al. 2019

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“…A third approach was to make use of Regression Discontinuity designs to estimate the potential effects of rail transit. For example, Rivers et al (2017) provides a series of studies of 39 cities around the world that opened subways from August 2001 to July 2013, concluding that the opening of a new rail transit line is conducive to the improvement of overall social welfare.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Rail Transits Improve Local Air Quality? Take Chengdu-Nanchang for Example

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Many cities in China have invested the city’s rail transit system to reduce urban air pollution and traffic congestion. Earlier studies rarely compare the effects of rail transit on urban air quality in different cities, providing little guidance to urban planners in solving traffic congestion and air quality. By using the rail transit lines in Chengdu and Nanchang as case studies, this paper attempts to examine the effect of rail transit on air pollution. Data were collected from 18 monitoring stations distributed along the chosen rail transit lines in both cities during the period 2014 to 2016 and analyzed using the regression discontinuity design to address the potential endogenous location of subway stations. The results show that subway opening in Nanchang has a better reductions from automobile exhaust than that in Chengdu, specifically, carbon monoxide pollution, one key tailpipe pollutant, experienced a 10.23% greater reduction after Nanchang Metro Line 1 opened. On the contrary, the point estimate for carbon monoxide in Chengdu is 22.42% and statistically significant at the 1% level. Nanchang Metro Line 1 does play an important role in road traffic externalities, but the benefit was not huge enough to change the overall air quality. On the contrary, the opening of the Chengdu Metro Line 4 is unlikely to yield improvements in air quality.

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“…The most common indicators of air quality are particulate matter (PM) [7], and gases SO 2 [8], NO 2 [9] and O 3 [7]. Public transportation generates pollutants that have harmful effects on health and the environment [10], [11] Natural photochemical reaction [12], volcanic eruptions [13] and forest fires [14], and anthropogenic (http://www.who.int/airpollution/ambient/pollutants/en/) sources are responsible for air pollution. According to the WHO in 2012, 7 million people died due to air pollution [15], [16]; (http://www.who.int/sustainable-development/cities/en/).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of the Average Concentrations As Well As Their PM10 and PM2.5 Variability in the Metropolitan Area of Lima, Peru: Case Study February and July 2016

Reátegui-Romero¹,

Alvarez²,

Pacsi-Valdivia³

et al. 2021

IJESD

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This research focused on analyzing the behavior of the hourly average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in relation to vehicular traffic, as well as the effect of relative humidity on these concentrations. Measurements of hourly particulate matter concentrations were recorded by the National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru (SENAMHI) at five surface air quality stations. The profiles of PM10 concentrations are related to traffic behavior, showing high levels of concentrations at peak hours, while the PM2.5 profiles are flatter and better related to traffic in February (summer). The decrease in relative humidity between 80 to 65% in the mornings has a greater effect on the increase in PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in February than in July (winter), and the increase in relative humidity between 65 to 80 % in the afternoon, it has a greater effect on the decrease in the concentration of PM2.5 in February than in July. The air quality in the north (PPD and CRB stations) and east (SJL station) of the Metropolitan Area of Lima (MAL) are the most polluted. The factors that relate PM10 concentrations with the Peruvian standard in February at these stations were 2.79, 1.78 and 1.26, and in July 2.74, 1.28 and 1.36 respectively. The highest and lowest variability of PM10 and PM2.5 in February and July occurred in the northern area (PPD and SMP stations).

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Public Transit and Air Pollution

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Motor Vehicle Density and Air Pollution in Greater Cairo

Motor Vehicle Density and Air Pollution in Greater Cairo

Do Rail Transits Improve Local Air Quality? Take Chengdu-Nanchang for Example

Behavior of the Average Concentrations As Well As Their PM10 and PM2.5 Variability in the Metropolitan Area of Lima, Peru: Case Study February and July 2016

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