Public toilets for women: how female municipal councillors expanded the right to the city in Sweden, c. 1910–1925

Arvidsson, Malin; Pinto, Andrés Brink

doi:10.1080/09612025.2021.1950335

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…They demonstrate the considerable influence of improved access to public toilets, particularly for working class women. 11 Arvidsson and Pinto suggest that while, outwardly, statehood and a woman's civic citizenship appeared to be key drivers for the lack of opposition to women's facilities being built, the success of toilet campaigns was based in the reaffirmation of gender norms which cast women's roles as mothers and in biological assumptions about women's bodies. 12 Caroline Daley similarly considered civic participation as a facet of public bathroom access in Auckland in the early twentieth century.…”

Section: Interpreting Euphemismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Arvidsson and Pinto suggest that while, outwardly, statehood and a woman's civic citizenship appeared to be key drivers for the lack of opposition to women's facilities being built, the success of toilet campaigns was based in the reaffirmation of gender norms which cast women's roles as mothers and in biological assumptions about women's bodies. 12 Caroline Daley similarly considered civic participation as a facet of public bathroom access in Auckland in the early twentieth century. 13 Daley details how, unlike the Swedish example, public toilets for women were subject to public debate and opposition.…”

Section: Interpreting Euphemismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immodest Successes: The Provision of Public Lavatories for Women in Meanjin (Brisbane), 1912

Temby

2023

LFHJ

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In August 1912 the first public toilet facilities for women were opened in Meanjin (Brisbane). What could have been considered a victory for the women of Brisbane was complicated by the fact that it had taken a full ten years from when the facilities were first proposed to when they were finally built, and their use required both a fee and set hours of operation. The facilities' construction was part of a strenuous, but largely ineffective, scheme by the Brisbane City Council to bolster women's participation in civic life, which rather than having an altruistic basis, was guided by an emerging principle that women's public influence was needed to domesticate or 'nurture' city spaces. Women's voices are all but absent from the council's planning and decision-making around the provision of toilets, further complicating the notion that the accommodation and wellbeing of women were driving factors in the council's plans. This article argues that rather than reflecting a victory for women's civic participation, the provision of public facilities was part of an aspirational, patriarchal demonstration of good governance and municipal beneficence by the Brisbane City Council, which served to reinforce, rather than weaken, the extant gendered delineations in Brisbane's urban sphere.

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Section: Interpreting Euphemismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpreting Euphemismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immodest Successes: The Provision of Public Lavatories for Women in Meanjin (Brisbane), 1912

Temby

2023

LFHJ

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The public perceptions of urban sanitation infrastructure: a cross-sectional study in Kegalle township in Sri Lanka

Bellanthudawa,

Udayanga,

Rajapaksha

et al. 2023

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

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Improving public restroom facilities in urban areas can contribute to ensuring the overall living standards of the urban populace. Access to improved sanitation and hygiene is also considered a fundamental human right. Therefore, the present study aims to understand public perceptions of urban public restroom use based on a case study conducted in the municipality of Kegalle township in Sri Lanka. This included a questionnaire survey (N = 115) and in-depth interviews (N = 5). The analysis indicates the urgent need for adequate, accessible, and good-quality sanitary services, particularly in densely populated urban areas of the country. More than 70% of people (from N = 115) indicate that public restrooms are not of good quality due to certain reasons such as poor maintenance and uncleanliness. Despite the insalubrity of public restrooms, many respondents have used them, indicating an urgent policy intervention in operating, and properly maintaining public restrooms in densely populated urban areas of the country. A significant number of respondents indicated that the quality of public restrooms is extremely poor (39%) or poor (31.1%). Around 86.9% of respondents are not satisfied with existing public restrooms, thus, 71.4% believe in reconstructing new public restrooms that pave the way for ensuring access, affordability, quality, and safety.

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Az konuşulan bir kent hakkı olarak kamusal tuvaletlere erişimde cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler

Mirioğlu Kavuk

2024

Lnternational Journal of Geography and Geography Education

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Kadınların kamusal alandaki hareketlilikleri yüzyıllardan beri çeşitli şekillerde sınırlandırılmaktadır. Bir zamanlar kadınlara tamamen kapalı/yasak olan kamusal alan zamanla belirli mekânlara izin verilmesiyle kadınlara açılmıştır. Her ne kadar kadınlar kamusal alanın çeşitli yerlerinde görülmeye başlasalar da bu görünürlüğe bir dizi sınırlılık eşlik etmiştir. Bu sınırlılıklar kimi zaman kadınların iffeti üzerinden tanımlanan norm ve yasaklara dayalı olurken kimi zaman da kamusal alanın kadınlara açıldıkça sınırlı kalan hizmetlerinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu sınırlılıklar Henri Lefebvre’nin kavramsallaştırması olan kent hakkının cinsiyetli boyutuna işaret etmektedir. Kadınların kentsel hizmetlerin tümünden erkeklerle eşit bir şekilde faydalanmıyor oluşu bu makalenin temel sorunsalını oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda makalede, en temel ihtiyaçlardan biri olan kamusal tuvaletler üzerinden bir inceleme yapılmıştır. Çalışma Türkiye’de bu konuda yapılmış çalışmaların azlığı nedeniyle kamusal tuvalet meselesini bir kent hakkı olarak düşünmeye kapı aralamak amacıyla uluslararası literatür incelemesine dayalı olup, Balıkesir kenti örneğinde mevcut durumun mekânsal analizine odaklanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Balıkesir kentinde kamusal tuvalet hizmetinin cinsiyet temelinde eşitsiz olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

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Public toilets for women: how female municipal councillors expanded the right to the city in Sweden, c. 1910–1925

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Immodest Successes: The Provision of Public Lavatories for Women in Meanjin (Brisbane), 1912

Immodest Successes: The Provision of Public Lavatories for Women in Meanjin (Brisbane), 1912

The public perceptions of urban sanitation infrastructure: a cross-sectional study in Kegalle township in Sri Lanka

Az konuşulan bir kent hakkı olarak kamusal tuvaletlere erişimde cinsiyet temelli eşitsizlikler

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