Public (Skin) Health perspectives of gender differences in tanning habits and sun protective behaviour: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey

Haluza, Daniela; Moshammer, Hanns; Kundi, Michael; Cervinka, Renate

doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0643-0

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, there is huge variety across all studies in terms of gender and age, geographical regions and political systems which has to be taken in account …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that these findings are similar to a review among the general population in 2009 95 and a review among outdoor workers in 2012, 19 not much seems to have changed within the last 5 years despite all recent efforts on KC prevention. 21 However, there is huge variety across all studies in terms of gender and age, [96][97][98] geographical regions 99 and political systems which has to be taken in account. 9,34,43,57 With respect to the KC, the aggregated results suggest that the high-risk group of outdoor workers need sun-safety policies more than ever.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Primary prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma among outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals: a systematic review updated for 2019

Ziehfreund

Schuster

Zink

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Worldwide 2–3 million cases of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) are diagnosed annually. Sun‐related knowledge is essential for adequate protection against solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), the main risk factor for KC. The goal was (i) to provide an updated overview of primary prevention against KC including skin cancer‐related knowledge, attitudes and sun protection behaviour (SPB) of outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals as well as (ii) to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of sun protection programmes. We conducted a systematic review of articles indexed for MEDLINE on PubMed using selected MeSH terms and keywords related to the studied topic as well as an extensive hand search of publications between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2018. We identified 51 relevant cross‐sectional studies and 22 interventional studies. Sun‐related knowledge and attitude showed substantial differences with some alarming results, including people who had not even heard about skin cancer before. Reported SPB varied enormously between the included studies, with none of the studies providing an overall sufficient SPB in their examined sun protection measures. However, sun protection programmes using new technologies seem to have great potential to increase sun‐related knowledge and SPB. In countries worldwide, particularly in those where KC is not yet a public health issue, UVR protection should be promoted by healthcare institutions and authorities, politicians, cancer foundations and dermatologists to increase awareness as well as SPB and to decrease the worldwide burden of KC.

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“…However, there is huge variety across all studies in terms of gender and age, geographical regions and political systems which has to be taken in account …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma among outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals: a systematic review updated for 2019

Ziehfreund

Schuster

Zink

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…This might be due to the fact that women show a higher response rate regarding surveys and is also a common phenomenon in other studies dealing with UV protection. 26,33 Moreover, about half of the respondents are aged under 25 and were students, which means that younger and high-educated people are overrepresented compared with the general population. As other studies described a positive association of intentional sun tanning with younger age and female gender, it is important to gather knowledge about this population group for whom beauty ideals probably play a huge role and in order to prevent high-risk tanning behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of tanning behavior assessed via online survey: Attitudes, habits, and preventive measures with focus on sunscreen use

Schneiderbanger

Heinzerling

Kirchberger

2019

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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Background/purpose: Incidence of melanoma is increasing globally. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) as important risk factor for developing skin cancer can be influenced by tanning behavior. Only a few studies are available concerning sun tanning behavior and protective measures.Methods: An online survey was distributed via social media to assess tanning habits and examine associated demographic and behavioral factors. Results:In total, 403 questionnaires were distributed, and mean age of respondents was 32. Having a tanned skin, feeling warm and relaxed were the most common motivations for tanning. The use of sunscreen varied and seemed to depend on the occasion of UVR exposure, constantly applied during vacation and during tanning, less commonly applied in daily life and during work. Avoiding painful solar dermatitis was more important as motivation for the use of sunscreen than skin cancer prevention. Skin aging as reason for the use of sunscreen was especially important for females younger than 26 years. The most common applied sun protection factor was 16-49. The main reason opposing the use of sunscreen was a too laborious usage, which was significantly associated with male.Beauty was the only association related to tanned skin the majority (62%) agreed with. Conclusion:The motivation for tanning and reasons for avoiding sunscreen strongly varies. Knowledge about these factors could be used for improving campaigns with respect to target groups. Clarifying the appropriate application of sunscreen, developing convenient sunscreen formulations and providing information about UVRinduced skin aging could lead to an increased usage of sunscreen and therefore to an improved UVR protection. K E Y W O R D Smelanoma, sunscreen, tanning, ultraviolet radiation | INTRODUC TI ONSeveral skin cancer campaigns focus on promoting the awareness of natural and artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure being a risk factor for skin cancer and aging. To successfully implement such campaigns, the identification of risk groups for future UVR damage due to high-risk tanning behavior is crucial. A Danish group found associations between high-risk tanning behavior like frequent sunbathing,

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“…When exploring gender-specific aspects of recreational skin health habits, we identified a male factor, suggesting higher prevalence of sun exposure and poorer sun protective behavior among males [13,14,15]. …”

Section: Reducing Melanoma Risk—the Issue Of Health Literacymentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-Radiation: From Physics to Impacts

Moshammer

Simic

Haluza

2017

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has affected life at least since the first life forms moved out of the seas and crawled onto the land. Therefore, one might assume that evolution has adapted to natural UV radiation. However, evolution is mostly concerned with the propagation of the genetic code, not with a long, happy, and fulfilling life. Because rickets is bad for a woman giving birth, the beneficial effects of UV-radiation outweigh the adverse effects like aged skin and skin tumors of various grades of malignancy that usually only afflict us at older age. Anthropogenic damage to the stratospheric ozone layer and frighteningly high rates of melanoma skin cancer in the light-skinned descendants of British settlers in Australia piqued interest in the health impacts of UV radiation. A changing cultural perception of the beauty of tanned versus light skin and commercial interests in selling UV-emitting devices such as tanning booths caught public health experts off-guard. Counseling and health communication are extremely difficult when dealing with a “natural” risk factor, especially when this risk factor cannot (and should not) be completely avoided. How much is too much for whom or for which skin type? How even measure “much”? Is it the (cumulative) dose or the dose rate that matters most? Or should we even construct a more complex metric such as the cumulative dose above a certain dose rate threshold? We find there are still many open questions, and we are glad that this special issue offered us the opportunity to present many interesting aspects of this important topic.

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Public (Skin) Health perspectives of gender differences in tanning habits and sun protective behaviour: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Primary prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma among outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals: a systematic review updated for 2019

Primary prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma among outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals: a systematic review updated for 2019

Characterization of tanning behavior assessed via online survey: Attitudes, habits, and preventive measures with focus on sunscreen use

UV-Radiation: From Physics to Impacts

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