Public protection of software

Herzberg, Amir; Pinter, Shlomit S.

doi:10.1145/29868.29872

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Herzberg and Pinter [26] describe a device that can be used to protect software against piracy. A more recent approach by Yee and Tygar [27] ensures that the system functions securely.…”

Section: Trusted Execution Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Self-protected Mobile Agents

Hacini¹

2013

IJCA

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“…Herzberg and Pinter [26] describe a device that can be used to protect software against piracy. A more recent approach by Yee and Tygar [27] ensures that the system functions securely.…”

Section: Trusted Execution Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Self-protected Mobile Agents

Hacini¹

2013

IJCA

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“…One approach taken in academic studies of piracy has been to implicitly adopt the corporate view: focusing on modeling the piracy behavior (Takeyama 1994;Slive and Bernhardt 1998), exploring individual differences (Doesn't Everybody do it? 2001), and proposing technical solutions to reduce the behavior (Herzberg and Pinter 1987;Potlapally 2002;Naumovich and Memon 2003) including the development of pricing strategies that minimize piracy's effect (Sundararajan 2003).…”

Section: The Peculiar Nature Of Computer Software Is Such That It Elumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advocates of digital property rights maintain that digital piracy costs billions of dollars in revenues, wages, jobs, and taxes for the U.S.A. alone ( Serafini 2001;AutoDesk 2002;Plagiarism.org;Business Software Alliance 2004). Evidence like this has led some researchers to construe piracy as a problem (Vitell and Davis 1990) and has led to proposed technical solutions to remedy its occurrences (Herzberg and Pinter 1987;Potlapally 2002;Naumovich and Memon 2003). This normative approach is also grounded in the legal argument that it is unacceptable to copy software without authorization because it violates the rights of the software creator who does not sell ownership of the software but merely licenses its use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ripped from the Headlines: What Can the Popular Press Teach us about Software Piracy?

Zamoon¹,

Curley²

2006

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Technological advances have outpaced the development of laws and norms to govern their acquisition and use. Software piracy is an instance of unauthorized duplication where laws and norms are not agreed upon. Although many articles have been written around the issue of software piracy, few have taken into consideration social and psychological aspects of the process. One barometer of the social environment is media coverage. This paper presents a content analysis (including actual quotes) of the five highest circulating U.S. newspapers 1989-2004 as evidence of the prevailing social environment surrounding software piracy. We classified the rationales for and against piracy using Fiske's (1991) structures for social interaction and found that those who condone piracy mostly evoke authority ranking and market pricing models, whereas those who condemn piracy mostly evoke market pricing models. Furthermore, not all the rationales given for/ against software piracy fit neatly into Sykes and Matza (1957) neutralization framework. Shariffah Zamoon and Shawn CurleyLast Revised: January 31, 2006Page 2 of 50 IntroductionThe development of technologies has outpaced the development of laws and norms that regulate their acquisition and use. The unauthorized duplication of digital products is an instance of this problem. Digital products are information that "can be digitizedencoded as a stream of bits" (Shapiro and Varian 1999, p.3). Digital products are compact, portable, and can be used virtually anywhere. However, the unauthorized duplication of digital products has created a gray area in the ethical landscape, where some condone the practice as legitimate while others condemn the practice as outright theft. Software, as an instance of a digital product exemplifies this situation well.Software piracy is defined as any reproduction of software that is in violation of its licensing agreement. The very term expresses a moral position, that espoused by the software industry. According to this view, piracy is stealing, it is a crime, and it is unethical. This is also the position expressed by the movie industry in ads against downloading films, another digital product. As ads on some currently sold DVDs state in For example, according to Solomon and O'Brien (1991), piracy is blessed with high acceptance among at least some students and, e.g. : "nearly half of the students had never heard a faculty member speak against illegal copying…a quarter of the sampled students had heard a faculty member condone the copying of protected software" (p. 174). The moral ambiguity of software piracy is further highlighted by the research of Strikwerda and Ross (1992), Logsdon, Reid (1994), andGlass andWood (1996) who have shown that piracy is not viewed as an ethical issue by some. Individuals may approach duplication as a preference choice, with no principles, norms, or values being brought to bear on the decision (Glass and Wood 1996).Because there are no agreed upon standards or norms to govern the acquisition and use of software, ...

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“…Herzberg and Pinter [33] consider the problem of software copy protection, and propose a solution requiring CPU encryption support (which was far less feasible when proposed almost 20 years ago, circa 1984-85). Cohen's 1993 paper [19] (see also §3.4 below) on software diversity and obfuscation is directly related to software protection, and provides a wealth of techniques and insights.…”

Section: Early Research On Software Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%