Public Policy Measures to Increase Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Rate in Russia

Boguslavsky, D. V.; Шарова, Н. П.; Sharov, Konstantin S.

doi:10.3390/ijerph19063387

Cited by 12 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…We did not find significant differences in the age of patients in the comparison groups and the gender ratio in the groups. The fraction of vaccinated patients (two doses of Sputnik V vaccine) in the Wave 3 group was insignificant and equal to 8.7%, slightly lower than the citywide vaccination rate for June 2021–15% ( Boguslavsky, Sharova & Sharov, 2022 ). There was a significant increase in the proportion of patients with obstructive pulmonary disease (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.01), obesity (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.01, OR = 3.8), hypertension (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.003, OR = 2.4) in the third wave of COVID-19.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

Shkurnikov

Nersisyan

Averinskaya

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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In mid-2021, the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant caused the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries worldwide. The pivotal studies were aimed at studying changes in the efficiency of neutralizing antibodies to the spike protein. However, much less attention was paid to the T-cell response and the presentation of virus peptides by MHC-I molecules. In this study, we compared the features of the HLA-I genotype in symptomatic patients with COVID-19 in the first and third waves of the pandemic. As a result, we could identify the diminishing of carriers of the HLA-A*01:01 allele in the third wave and demonstrate the unique properties of this allele. Thus, HLA-A*01:01-binding immunoprevalent epitopes are mostly derived from ORF1ab. A set of epitopes from ORF1ab was tested, and their high immunogenicity was confirmed. Moreover, analysis of the results of single-cell phenotyping of T-cells in recovered patients showed that the predominant phenotype in HLA-A*01:01 carriers is central memory T-cells. The predominance of T-lymphocytes of this phenotype may contribute to forming long-term T-cell immunity in carriers of this allele. Our results can be the basis for highly effective vaccines based on ORF1ab peptides.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

Shkurnikov

Nersisyan

Averinskaya

et al. 2023

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We did not find significant differences in the age of patients in the comparison groups and the gender ratio in the groups. The fraction of vaccinated patients (two doses of Sputnik V vaccine) in the Wave 3 group was insignificant and equal to 8.7%, slightly lower than the citywide vaccination rate for June 2021 – 15% (32). There was a significant increase in the proportion of patients with obstructive pulmonary disease (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.01), obesity (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.01, OR = 3.8), hypertension (Fisher’s exact test p = 0.003, OR = 2.4) in the third wave of COVID-19.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

HLA-A*01:01 allele vanishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8⁺ T-cell repertoire

Shkurnikov

Nersisyan

Averinskaya

et al. 2022

Preprint

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In mid-2021, the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant caused the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries worldwide. The pivotal studies were aimed at studying changes in the efficiency of neutralizing antibodies to the spike protein. However, much less attention was paid to the T-cell response and the presentation of virus peptides by MHC-I molecules. In this study, we compared the features of the HLA-I genotype in symptomatic patients with COVID-19 in the first and third waves of the pandemic. As a result, we could identify the vanishing of carriers of the HLA-A*01:01 allele in the third wave and demonstrate the unique properties of this allele. Thus, HLA-A*01:01-binding immunodominant epitopes are mostly derived from ORF1ab. A set of epitopes from ORF1ab was tested, and their high immunogenicity was confirmed. Moreover, analysis of the results of single-cell phenotyping of T-cells in recovered patients showed that the predominant phenotype in HLA-A*01:01 carriers is central memory T-cells. The predominance of T-lymphocytes of this phenotype may contribute to forming long-term T-cell immunity in carriers of this allele. Our results can be the basis for highly effective vaccines based on ORF1ab peptides.

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“…A recent study by Roschina et al has highlighted a high degree of ‘vaccine hesitancy’ in Russia, with only 45% of those surveyed in 2021 demonstrating positive attitudes towards the vaccination program [ 40 ]. As of March 2022, the total vaccination rate remains relatively low in Russia (around 55%, with around 20% in some regions) [ 41 ]. This compares unfavourably to even the global figure of around 60%, and is lower than in Pakistan and The Philippines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and excess mortality in Russia: Regional estimates of life expectancy losses in 2020 and excess deaths in 2021

Scherbov

Gietel‐Basten²,

Ediev³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Accurately counting the human cost of the COVID-19 at both the national and regional level is a policy priority. The Russian Federation currently reports one of the higher COVID-19 mortality rates in the world; but estimates of mortality differ significantly. Using a statistical method accounting for changes in the population age structure, we present the first national and regional estimates of excess mortality for 2021; calculations of excess mortality by age, gender, and urban/rural status for 2020; and mean remaining years of life expectancy lost at the regional level. We estimate that there were 351,158 excess deaths in 2020 and 678,022 in 2021 in the Russian Federation; and, in 2020, around 2.0 years of life expectancy lost. While the Russian Federation exhibits very high levels of excess mortality compared to other countries, there is a wide degree of regional variation: in 2021, excess deaths expressed as a percentage of expected deaths at the regional level range from 27% to 52%. Life expectancy loss is generally greater for males; while excess mortality is greater in urban areas. For Russia as whole, an average person who died due to the pandemic in 2020 would have otherwise lived for a further 14 more years (and as high as 18 years in some regions), disproving the widely held view that excess mortality during the pandemic period was concentrated among those with few years of life remaining–especially for females. At a regional level, less densely populated, more remote regions, rural regions appear to have fared better regarding excess mortality and life expectancy loss–however, a part of this differential could be owing to measurement issues. The calculations demonstrate more clearly the true degree of the human cost of the pandemic in the Russian Federation.

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Public Policy Measures to Increase Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Rate in Russia

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A*01:01 allele vanishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8⁺ T-cell repertoire

COVID-19 and excess mortality in Russia: Regional estimates of life expectancy losses in 2020 and excess deaths in 2021

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Public Policy Measures to Increase Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Rate in Russia

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

HLA-A*01:01 allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A*01:01 allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A*01:01 allele vanishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

COVID-19 and excess mortality in Russia: Regional estimates of life expectancy losses in 2020 and excess deaths in 2021

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Product

Resources

About

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A01:01* allele diminishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8+ T-cell repertoire

HLA-A*01:01 allele vanishing in COVID-19 patients population associated with non-structural epitope abundance in CD8⁺ T-cell repertoire