In the present context, the issue of whether women possess independent and autonomous reproductive rights warrants examination. This study employs data from the China General Social Survey to investigate the relationship between gender equality and women's reproductive decision-making authority. The findings indicate that, apart from age, household size, and socio-economic status, the acceptance of traditional gender norms significantly and positively influences Chinese women's reproductive decision-making rights. Given the prevailing advocacy for gender equality in society, it becomes imperative to mitigate any adverse effects of traditional gender norms on women's individual reproductive rights. Therefore, it is crucial for society to value and regulate traditional discourses surrounding reproductive behavior, fully respecting women's autonomy in reproductive matters and fostering the formation of women's reproductive desires within a more liberated and egalitarian gender context.