Public Knowledge of Herbal Medicine for Respiratory Viral Infection in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Aim: This survey analysis investigated indevisuals' knowledge of herbal medications to treat common respiratory viral infections. Methods: A self-administered, structured questionnaire was sent to the public online, including questions on the responders' demographics and questions about different herbal medications and their use to treat viral respiratory infections. Data analysis was executed through the survey SPSS program. Results: Four hundred eighty-six individuals responded to this questionnaire; 89.92% of the responders were from the west area, and 56.49% were in the age group between 18 and 30. The most herbal medications used for respiratory viral infections was honey 364 (78.79%), and lemon juice 327 (71.24%), followed by Ginger 288 (64.43%) and Mint 292 (64.04%%) While the least herbal medicine used was Sambucus nigra 26 (6.09%) and Licorice 26 (6.68%). The most herbal medicine not known among responders was Sambucus nigra 147 (34.43%), Sugarcane 136 (31.48%), and Radish 135 (31.47%%). Herbal medicines usages were significantly higher among males, except for cloves and miswak; their use was significantly higher among females. Retired individuals (p value<0.001), high income (p-value<0.001), non-healthcare professionals (p-value=0.003), age group between 51 to 60 years old (p-value<0.001), married individuals (p-value<0.001) all had higher knowledge level about herbal medications use in viral respiratory infections. The survey's reliability was tested by Mac 0.96, Cronbach 0.958, Gultman 2 0.961, and Gultman 6 0.973. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about herbal medicine use among individuals in Saudi Arabia is inadequate. Awareness of the general public about herbal medications should be improved.