Public health expenditure and under-five mortality in low-income Sub-Saharan African countries

AYIPE, Fidelis  Issah; Tanko, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100570

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The above exposition demonstrates that studies [ 5 , 28 , 46 ] on health expenditure and under-five mortality focused mostly on public health. A few [ 24 , 27 ] consider the effect of private and public health expenditure on under-five mortality in SSA.…”

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar findings were found by Kiross et al (2021) [ 27 ], who argued that public and external health expenditures improve health outcomes while private health expenditure has an insignificant impact. Moreover, Makuta and O’Hare (2015) [ 23 ], Chewe and Hangoma (2020) [ 25 ] and Ayipe and Tanko (2023) [ 28 ] supported the direct negative effect of public health expenditure in SSA. The conflicting findings are found in the literature on health expenditure on the U5MR in SSA.…”

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Ouedraogo, Dianda, and Adeyele (2020) [ 45 ] support that institutional quality is paramount in healthcare efficiency, most studies [ 28 , 38 , 46 ] focus on the direct impact of health expenditure on U5MRs. Nevertheless, studies that considered institutional quality as the mediating effect in the said relationship only focused on public health expenditure.…”

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current study assesses the impact of health expenditure on under-five mortality in SSA countries, considering four indicators: public health, private health, out-of-pocket, and external health expenditure on under-five mortality. Most studies [ 5 , 28 , 43 , 46 ] focused on the direct effect of health expenditure on under-five mortality.…”

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, there is still no consensus on how health expenditure influences child mortality, particularly the under-five mortality rate. While numerous studies [ 5 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] have been conducted on health expenditure and under-five mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, there are several justifications for the need to consider the mediating effects of institutional quality and incorporate all relevant health expenditure indicators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Expenditure, Institutional Quality, and Under-Five Mortality in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Sibanda,

Qoko,

Gonese

2024

IJERPH

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The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between health expenditure, institutional quality, and under-five mortality rates in sub-Saharan African countries. Specifically, the study seeks to explore the mediating role of institutional quality in this relationship, focusing on understanding how variations in healthcare spending and institutional frameworks impact child health outcomes. By examining these dynamics, the study aims to provide valuable insights that can inform evidence-based policy interventions to reduce under-five mortality and improve child health outcomes in the region. Utilizing data spanning the years 2000 to 2021 from 46 sub-Saharan African countries, this study employs a systems GMM model to explore the intricate relationship between health expenditure and under-five mortality rates (U5MRs), with a particular focus on the mediating role of institutional quality. The findings reveal that the quality of institutions significantly influences the impact of health expenditures on the U5MR. Strong institutional quality enhances the effectiveness of health expenditure in improving child health outcomes, particularly concerning the allocation of external health funds. Conversely, poor institutional quality amplifies the positive impact of domestic private and out-of-pocket health expenditures on the U5MR, as these serve as coping mechanisms in the absence of robust public healthcare systems. This research emphasizes the need for strategies that increase health expenditure and prioritize institutional strengthening to ensure efficient resource allocation and healthcare system management, thereby reducing under-five mortality rates. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of policies that minimize reliance on private and out-of-pocket health expenditures, which can lead to financial burdens and worsened health outcomes. Sub-Saharan African countries can make significant strides toward improving child survival and overall public health by addressing these issues.

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Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Review On Under-five Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Expenditure, Institutional Quality, and Under-Five Mortality in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Sibanda,

Qoko,

Gonese

2024

IJERPH

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Financing health in sub-Saharan Africa 1990–2050: Donor dependence and expected domestic health spending

Apeagyei,

Lidral-Porter,

Patel

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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In 2021, global life expectancy at birth was 74 years whereas in sub-Saharan Africa it was 66 years. Yet in that same year, $92 per person was spent on health in sub- Saharan Africa, which is roughly one fifth of what the next lowest geographic region—North Africa and Middle East—spent ($379). The challenges to healthy lives in sub-Saharan Africa are many while health spending remains low. This study uses gross domestic product, government, and health spending data to give a more complete picture of the patterns of future health spending in sub-Saharan Africa. We analyzed trends in growth in gross domestic product, government health spending, development assistance for health and the prioritization of health in national spending to compare countries within sub-Saharan Africa and globally.We found that while gross domestic product was projected to increase through 2050 in sub-Saharan Africa, the share of gross domestic product that goes to health spending is only expected to increase moderately. Our exploration shows that this tepid growth is expected because the percent of overall government spending that is dedicated to health 7·2% (6·3–8·3) compared to average of 12·4% (11·7–13·2) in other regions) is expected to stay low. Even if the amount, of resources provided from donors climbs some, it is not expected to keep pace with growing economies in sub-Saharan Africa and may transition towards other global public health goods. Critically, development assistance for health provided to sub-Saharan Africa is expected to decrease in some countries, and the expected growth in government health spending might not be enough to cover this expected decline. Increases in spending with a concordant prioritization of health and the appropriate health system governance and structural reforms are critical to ensure that people who live in sub-Saharan Africa are not left behind.

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Dynamic Linkages among HIV/AIDS, Health Expenditures, Environmental Degradation, Life Expectancy, and Economic Growth: A Case of Eastern Africa Countries

Govdeli

2024

CHR

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Background: Eastern African countries are among the countries with a very high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate. High HIV/AIDS prevalence is a problem that has a detrimental effect on the economic development of these countries. Previous studies have generally examined the relationship of HIV/AIDS with life expectancy or economic growth. In this study, three different models have been established and the relationship of HIV/AIDS with economic growth, health expenditures, and life expectancy has been analyzed, and current econometric methods and policy recommendations have been developed according to the results. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between health expenditure, environmental degradation, life expectancy, HIV/AIDS, and economic growth. Method: Annual data from 9 Eastern African countries for the period of 2000-2019 were used. Panel ARDL/PMG and Dumitrescu-Hurlin methods were used. Results: HIV/AIDS negatively affects economic growth and life expectancy, and positively affects health expenditures. According to the causality results, HIV/AIDS is the cause of economic growth. In addition, a bidirectional causal relationship has been found between HIV/AIDS and life expectancy. Conclusion: The main conclusion of the study is that HIV/AIDS plays a negative role in economic growth and life expectancy. Further steps must be taken to prevent the further spread of HIV/AIDS, which causes these factors to affect the well-being of the countries.

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Public health expenditure and under-five mortality in low-income Sub-Saharan African countries

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Health Expenditure, Institutional Quality, and Under-Five Mortality in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Health Expenditure, Institutional Quality, and Under-Five Mortality in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Financing health in sub-Saharan Africa 1990–2050: Donor dependence and expected domestic health spending

Dynamic Linkages among HIV/AIDS, Health Expenditures, Environmental Degradation, Life Expectancy, and Economic Growth: A Case of Eastern Africa Countries

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