Public Health Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Wastewater Treatment Process

Keen, Patricia L.; Fugère, Raphaël; Patrick, David M.

doi:10.1002/9781119192428.ch19

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The situation has raised concerns about the potential environmental and human health impacts associated with the release of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the environment. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the dynamics of bacteria and antibiotics in wastewater in order to develop effective strategies for their management and mitigation ( Keen and Fugère, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional wastewater treatment processes are designed to remove solids and organics from wastewater and reduce levels of harmful bacteria and other pathogens. These processes usually involve several stages, at the end of which disinfection methods such as chlorination or ultraviolet light are employed ( Keen and Fugère, 2017 ). Although these methods are quite reliable, they have been shown not to work under all conditions (e.g., UV disinfection does not work in turbid water) or to result in the formation of undesirable halogenated organics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Escherichia coli by electroporation

Haberl Meglič,

Slokar,

Miklavčič

2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionIn modern times, bacterial infections have become a growing problem in the medical community due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In fact, the overuse and improper disposal of antibiotics have led to bacterial resistance and the presence of such bacteria in wastewater. Therefore, it is critical to develop effective strategies for dealing with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wastewater. Electroporation has been found to be one of the most promising complementary techniques for bacterial inactivation because it is effective against a wide range of bacteria, is non-chemical and is highly optimizable. Many studies have demonstrated electroporation-assisted inactivation of bacteria, but rarely have clinical antibiotics or bacteria resistant to these antibiotics been used in the study. Therefore, the motivation for our study was to use a treatment regimen that combines antibiotics and electroporation to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria.MethodsWe separately combined two antibiotics (tetracycline and chloramphenicol) to which the bacteria are resistant (with a different resistance mode) and electric pulses. We used three different concentrations of antibiotics (40, 80 and 150 µg/ml for tetracycline and 100, 500 and 2000 µg/ml for chloramphenicol, respectively) and four different electric field strengths (5, 10, 15 and 20 kV/cm) for electroporation.Results and discussionOur results show that electroporation effectively enhances the effect of antibiotics and inactivates antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The inactivation rate for tetracycline or chloramphenicol was found to be different and to increase with the strength of the pulsed electric field and/or the concentration of the antibiotic. In addition, we show that electroporation has a longer lasting effect (up to 24 hours), making bacteria vulnerable for a considerable time. The present work provides new insights into the use of electroporation to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the aquatic environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Escherichia coli by electroporation

Haberl Meglič,

Slokar,

Miklavčič

2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…It could be argued that AMR in WWTP decreased since the Netherlands decreased antibiotic use as a whole. While this can be observed, antibiotic residues are not fully removed from the WWTP and persist in lower concentration when released with the effluent which serves as a selection pressure for ARBs (Keen and Fugère, 2017). WWTPs should revise their treatment options to manage AMR concerns while also providing sanitary water to communities.…”

Section: Grey Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic-based surveillance systems for antibiotic resistance in non-clinical settings

et al. 2022

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The success of antibiotics as a therapeutic agent has led to their ineffectiveness. The continuous use and misuse in clinical and non-clinical areas have led to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and its genetic determinants. This is a multi-dimensional problem that has now become a global health crisis. Antibiotic resistance research has primarily focused on the clinical healthcare sectors while overlooking the non-clinical sectors. The increasing antibiotic usage in the environment – including animals, plants, soil, and water – are drivers of antibiotic resistance and function as a transmission route for antibiotic resistant pathogens and is a source for resistance genes. These natural compartments are interconnected with each other and humans, allowing the spread of antibiotic resistance via horizontal gene transfer between commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Identifying and understanding genetic exchange within and between natural compartments can provide insight into the transmission, dissemination, and emergence mechanisms. The development of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies has made antibiotic resistance research more accessible and feasible. In particular, the combination of metagenomics and powerful bioinformatic tools and platforms have facilitated the identification of microbial communities and has allowed access to genomic data by bypassing the need for isolating and culturing microorganisms. This review aimed to reflect on the different sequencing techniques, metagenomic approaches, and bioinformatics tools and pipelines with their respective advantages and limitations for antibiotic resistance research. These approaches can provide insight into resistance mechanisms, the microbial population, emerging pathogens, resistance genes, and their dissemination. This information can influence policies, develop preventative measures and alleviate the burden caused by antibiotic resistance.

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Public Health Consequences of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Wastewater Treatment Process

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

Inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Escherichia coli by electroporation

Inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria Escherichia coli by electroporation

Metagenomic-based surveillance systems for antibiotic resistance in non-clinical settings

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