Public Health and Epidemiology

Grattan, Lynn M.; Schumacker, Joe; Reich, Andrew; Holobaugh, Sailor

doi:10.1002/9781118994672.ch9

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The Gulf of Mexico is a prime example of how eutrophication problems can be spatially and temporally displaced from the original nutrient source (Conley et al 2009 ; Paerl 2009 ; Glibert et al 2011 ; Glibert 2020 ). Aside from the nuisance they cause, HAB toxins contaminate drinking water supplies, as was the case in Toledo in 2014 when 500,000 residents were told not to use tap water due to microcystin contamination (e.g., Fitzsimmons 2014 ), and in coastal waters, HABs also contaminate seafood supplies, cause fish kills, and, depending on species, respiratory distress among many other human and ecosystem health effects (e.g., Landsberg 2002 ; Backer and McGillicuddy 2006 ; Basti et al 2018 , Gratton et al 2018 and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From hogs to HABs: impacts of industrial farming in the US on nitrogen and phosphorus and greenhouse gas pollution

Glibert

2020

Biogeochemistry

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Nutrient pollution and greenhouse gas emissions related to crop agriculture and confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in the US have changed substantially in recent years, in amounts and forms. This review is intended to provide a broad view of how nutrient inputs-from fertilizer and CAFOsas well as atmospheric NH 3 and greenhouse gas emissions, are changing regionally within the US and how these changes compare with nutrient inputs from human wastewater. Use of commercial nitrogen (N) fertilizer in the US, which now exceeds 12,000,000 metric tonnes (MT) continues to increase, at a rate of 60,000 MT per year, while that of phosphorus (P) has remained nearly constant over the past decade at around 1,800,000 MT. The number of CAFOs in the US has increased nearly 10% since 2012, driven largely by a near 13% increase in hog production. The annualized inventory of cattle, dairy cows, hogs, broiler chickens and turkeys is approximately 8.7 billion, but CAFOs are highly regionally concentrated by animal sector. Countrywide, N applied by fertilizer is about threefold greater than manure N inputs, but for P these inputs are more comparable. Total manure inputs now exceed 4,000,000 MT as N and 1,400,000 MT as P. For both N and P, inputs and proportions vary widely by US region. The waste from hog and dairy operations is mainly held in open lagoons that contribute to NH 3 and greenhouse gas (as CH 4 and N 2 O) emissions. Emissions of NH 3 from animal waste in 2019 were estimated at[ 4,500,000 MT. Emissions of CH 4 from manure management increased 66% from 1990 to 2017 (that from dairy increased 134%, cattle 9.6%, hogs 29% and poultry 3%), while those of N 2 O increased 34% over the same time period (dairy 15%, cattle 46%, hogs 58%, and poultry 14%). Waste from CAFOs contribute substantially to nutrient pollution when spread on fields, often at higher N and P application rates than those of commercial fertilizer. Managing the runoff associated with fertilizer use has improved with best management practices, but reducing the growing waste from CAFO operations is essential if eutrophication and its effects on fresh and marine waters-namely hypoxia and harmful algal blooms (HABs)-are to be reduced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From hogs to HABs: impacts of industrial farming in the US on nitrogen and phosphorus and greenhouse gas pollution

Glibert

2020

Biogeochemistry

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“…Debido a esto, la mayoría de las ocasiones es imposible predecir dónde pudiera ocurrir un evento de FANs (Griffith & Gobler, 2020); por lo tanto, se debe mantener una constante vigilancia de los cuerpos de agua, fundamentalmente de aquellos que por sus características ambientales sean más propensos a la ocurrencia de una floración. Por otra parte, la vigilancia epidemiológica posibilita detectar brotes o casos que desde un enfoque epidemiológico podrían estar conectados a un evento de FANs (Berdalet et al 2017;Grattan et al 2018). Tomando en cuenta lo anterior, resulta relevante la integración entre los diferentes sectores clave de la vigilancia y el manejo las FANs en la provincia de Cienfuegos, como son los ministerios de Ciencia y Salud Pública.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Sistema integrado para la vigilancia y gestión de floraciones algales nocivas en la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba

Rojas-Abrahantes,

Castellanos-González,

Miranda-Vera

et al. 2023

Rev. Cien. Mar. Cost.

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Las floraciones algales nocivas pueden tener consecuencias negativas en la salud, economía y diversidad biológica de los ecosistemas marinos. En la provincia de Cienfuegos, ubicada al centro-sur de Cuba, han ocurrido diferentes eventos de estas floraciones en su bahía de igual nombre, con impactos negativos en la salud pública y la economía del país, así como para la localidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar e implementar un sistema de vigilancia y gestión de esos eventos para la provincia de Cienfuegos, con vistas a disponer de mecanismos de acción intersectorial bien definidos, ante la aparición de tales microrganismos, basado en los principios del Manejo Integrado de Zonas Costeras. Durante el año 2021, se constató científicamente eventos de floraciones de las algas aludidas, por lo que se desarrolló un taller para el diseño y la propuesta de dicho sistema, utilizando el criterio de especialistas claves en la gestión de los eventos mencionados en el territorio. El sistema de vigilancia y gestión tuvo como principal característica garantizar la integración de los sectores relacionados con la problemática en la provincia. Este sistema fue dividido en cinco etapas: vigilancia, comunicación, activación del sistema, gestión directa y evaluación de impactos. En octubre de 2021, se logró implementarlo con resultados satisfactorios, tras la ocurrencia de una floración del dinoflagelado Vulcanodinium rugosum. Su puesta en práctica contribuyó a mitigar los impactos de las floraciones algales nocivas en diferentes sectores de desarrollo en la provincia de Cienfuegos.

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“…The memory decline could not be explained by age, gender, education, history of substance use, or any acute episodes of ASP. When the study epoch was extended to 8 years, the preliminary findings were replicated, i.e., there was a mild memory decline over 8 years which could not be explained by other factors [ 18 , 22 , 23 ]. In both studies, the effect size of the memory decrement was small, and overall memory scores remained within normal limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They have longstanding historical ties to ancestral coastal waters and beaches and time honored seasonal harvests of the highly prized RC. This traditional food represents more than a protein source in their diet, but is also a central part of their physical, social and spiritual well-being, intergenerational stability, and culture [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Grattan and colleagues [ 21 ] studied a cohort (CoASTAL cohort) of NA adults in WA State over four years, documenting DA exposure via RC consumption and memory using standard neuropsychological procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Dietary Exposure to Low Levels of Domoic Acid and Problems with Everyday Memory: Research to Public Health Outreach

Grattan

Boushey

Liang

et al. 2018

Toxins

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Domoic Acid (DA) is a marine-based neurotoxin. Dietary exposure to high levels of DA via shellfish consumption has been associated with Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning, with milder memory decrements found in Native Americans (NAs) with repetitive, lower level exposures. Despite its importance for protective action, the clinical relevance of these milder memory problems remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated, lower-level exposures to DA impact everyday memory (EM), i.e., the frequency of memory failures in everyday life. A cross-sectional sample of 60 NA men and women from the Pacific NW was studied with measures of dietary exposure to DA via razor clam (RC) consumption and EM. Findings indicated an association between problems with EM and elevated consumption of RCs with low levels of DA throughout the previous week and past year after controlling for age, sex, and education. NAs who eat a lot of RCs with presumably safe levels of DA are at risk for clinically significant memory problems. Public health outreach to minimize repetitive exposures are now in place and were facilitated by the use of community-based participatory research methods, with active involvement of state regulatory agencies, tribe leaders, and local physicians.

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Public Health and Epidemiology

Cited by 5 publications

References 93 publications

From hogs to HABs: impacts of industrial farming in the US on nitrogen and phosphorus and greenhouse gas pollution

From hogs to HABs: impacts of industrial farming in the US on nitrogen and phosphorus and greenhouse gas pollution

Sistema integrado para la vigilancia y gestión de floraciones algales nocivas en la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba

Repeated Dietary Exposure to Low Levels of Domoic Acid and Problems with Everyday Memory: Research to Public Health Outreach

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