Public Health and Clinical Implications of Nutrition-Infection Interactions

Vermund, Sten H.; Scott, Marilyn; Humphries, Debbie

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56913-6_16

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, nutritional methods that boost the immune system of children and are known to be protective against infections have gained importance. 5,11 In line with the literature, it can be interpreted as an expected result that mothers want to learn about these issues. In the study, the rate of not getting information about the use of any supplements, herbs-spices and no need for training on nutrition were statistically and significantly higher in the mothers who stated that they used supplements and herbs-spices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Data of 565 children and their mothers were obtained in the study. The mean age of the mothers was 37.8±6.87 years , and the mean age of the children was 8.3±4.67 years (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). It was determined that 49% (n=277) of the mothers were university graduates and 21.6% (n=122) had a post graduate education, and only 29.4% (n=166) had a high school education level or below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,10 Sufficient and balanced nutrition has been proven to be protective in children against infectious diseases. 11 It has also been known that supplements with trace elements such as zinc, selenium and vitamin combinations such as vitamin D and C, nutraceuticals and probiotics have beneficial effects on the immune system and have antiviral effects. 12,13 Therefore, nutritional strategies that boost the immune system have become important in child health during the pandemic period.…”

Section: Practices Of Turkish Mothers On the Use Of Supplements Herbs...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Practices of Turkish Mothers on the Use of Supplements, Herbs-Spices and Child Nutrition During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study

Şahin¹,

Topan²,

UÇAR³

et al. 2022

J Tradit Complem Med

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practices Of Turkish Mothers On the Use Of Supplements Herbs...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Practices of Turkish Mothers on the Use of Supplements, Herbs-Spices and Child Nutrition During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study

Şahin¹,

Topan²,

UÇAR³

et al. 2022

J Tradit Complem Med

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“…BMI will continue to be a simple and convenient tool for assessing macro-nutrition at the population level, recognizing, of course, that BMI does not measure micronutrients [ 55 ]. Despite efforts by the WHO and other agencies, BMI thresholds continue to be debated, and we now appreciate that race, ethnicity, sex, age, and fitness must be considered as covariates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages and Limitations of the Body Mass Index (BMI) to Assess Adult Obesity

Wu,

Li,

Vermund

2024

IJERPH

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Obesity reflects excessive fat deposits. At-risk individuals are guided by healthcare professionals to eat fewer calories and exercise more, often using body mass index (BMI; weight/height2) thresholds for screening and to guide progress and prognosis. By conducting a mini-narrative review of original articles, websites, editorials, commentaries, and guidelines, we sought to place BMI in the context of its appropriate use in population health, clinical screening, and monitoring in clinical care. The review covers studies and publications through 2023, encompassing consensus reviews and relevant literature. Recent consensus reviews suggest that BMI is a valuable tool for population surveys and primary healthcare screening but has limitations in predicting the risk of chronic diseases and assessing excess fat. BMI can guide nutritional and exercise counseling, even if it is inadequate for reliable individual risk prediction. BMI cut-offs must be reconsidered in populations of varying body build, age, and/or ethnicity. Since BMI-diagnosed overweight persons are sometimes physically and physiologically fit by other indicators, persons who are overweight on BMI should be more fully evaluated, diagnosed, and monitored with combined anthropometric and performance metrics to better clarify risks. The use of combined anthropometric and performance metrics involves integrating measurements of body composition with assessments of physical function and fitness to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of an individual’s health and fitness status. Eligibility for bariatric surgery or semaglutide satiety/appetite-reduction medications should not be determined by BMI alone. Awareness of the advantages and limitations of using BMI as a tool to assess adult obesity can maximize its appropriate use in the context of population health and in rapid clinical screening and evaluation.

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“…Malnutrition, in any of its manifestations, refers to excesses, shortages, or disparities in host's energy or nutrient intake, and includes undernutrition in a wide sense. Infection and malnutrition have always had a complicated relationship, for centuries, nutrition and infection have interacted in individuals, with malnutrition raising susceptibility to infectious pathogens and aggravating their pathogenicity [26].…”

Section: Leishmaniasis and Micronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possible Role of Selected Vitamins and Minerals in the Therapeutic Outcomes of Leishmaniasis

Kumar

Favas

Sharma

et al. 2022

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease declared as an endemic in areas suffering from severe malnutrition and poverty. The factors associated with poverty like low income, ecological factors, and malnutrition cause disruption in immunity and host defense increasing risk of infection. Altered resistance to infection and host susceptibility are associated with low micronutrient levels in undernourished patients. Malnutrition has been recognized as a poor predictive marker for leishmaniasis, in particular the deficiency of trace elements like zinc, iron, and vitamin A, B, C, D which has a prominent function in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, cell proliferation, human physiology, etc. Malnourishment can exacerbate host sensitivity and pathophysiologic intensity to infection in variety of ways, whereas infection can enhance underlying poor nutrition or enhance host vulnerability and sandfly's urge to attack specific hosts. The intensity of leishmaniasis can be influenced by body mass and micronutrient availability in the blood. Vitamin D, C, zinc, and iron are proved effective in inhibiting the growth of leishmaniasis in both amastigote or promastigote forms, either directly or by acting as precursor for a pathway which inhibits the parasite growth. This article elucidates a new perception to the crucial role of micronutrients and their probable role in the therapeutic outcomes of leishmaniasis. Since there is requirement of novel drugs to fight drug resistance and relapse of leishmaniasis, this article may pave way to understand the importance of micronutrients and their role in therapeutic outcomes of leishmaniasis.

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Public Health and Clinical Implications of Nutrition-Infection Interactions

Cited by 3 publications

References 133 publications

Practices of Turkish Mothers on the Use of Supplements, Herbs-Spices and Child Nutrition During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study

Practices of Turkish Mothers on the Use of Supplements, Herbs-Spices and Child Nutrition During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study

Advantages and Limitations of the Body Mass Index (BMI) to Assess Adult Obesity

The Possible Role of Selected Vitamins and Minerals in the Therapeutic Outcomes of Leishmaniasis

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