Public Bicycle Share Programs and Head Injuries

Graves, Janessa M.; Pless, Barry; Moore, Lynne; Nathens, Avery B.; Hunte, Garth; Rivara, Frederick P.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302012

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Typically, they do not offer helmets with bicycle rentals and a cross-sectional, observational study of cyclists in Washington, D.C. found that helmet use among Bikeshare users (26%) was less common than private bike users (70%) (Kraemer, Roffenbender, & Anderko, 2012). One study found a higher proportion of head injuries in ED visits in cities after the implementation of Bikeshare programs as compared with cities without a Bikeshare program (Graves et al, 2014). Although the study did not account for increased ridership, it is notable that these programs continue to grow and efforts to increase helmet use should include the special case of Bikeshare users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicycle helmet use among persons 5 years and older in the United States, 2012

Jewett

Beck

Taylor

et al. 2016

Journal of Safety Research

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Introduction In 2013, injuries to bicyclists accounted for 925 fatalities and 493,884 nonfatal, emergency department-treated injuries in the United States. Bicyclist deaths increased by 19% from 2010 to 2013. The greatest risk of death and disability to bicyclists is head injuries. The objective of this study was to provide estimates of prevalence and associated factors of bicycle riding and helmet use among children and adults in the United States. Method CDC analyzed self-reported data from the 2012 Summer ConsumerStyles survey. Adult respondents (18+ years) were asked about bicycle riding and helmet use in the last 30 days for themselves and their children (5 to 17 years). For bicycle riders, CDC estimated the prevalence of helmet use and conducted multivariable regression analyses to identify factors associated with helmet use. Results Among adults, 21% rode bicycles within the past 30 days and 29% always wore helmets. Respondents reported that, of the 61% of children who rode bicycles within the past 30 days, 42% always wore helmets. Children were more likely to always wear helmets (90%) when their adult respondents always wore helmets than when their adult respondents did not always wear helmets (38%). Children who lived in states with a child bicycle helmet law were more likely to always wear helmets (47%) than those in states without a law (39%). Conclusions Despite the fact that bicycle helmets are highly effective at reducing the risk for head injuries, including severe brain injuries and death, less than half of children and adults always wore bicycle helmets while riding. Practical application States and communities should consider interventions that improve the safety of riding such as policies to promote helmet use, modeling of helmet wearing by adults, and focusing on high risk groups, including Hispanic cyclists, occasional riders, adults, and children ages 10 to 14.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicycle helmet use among persons 5 years and older in the United States, 2012

Jewett

Beck

Taylor

et al. 2016

Journal of Safety Research

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“…Indeed, six European cities implementing comprehensive efforts to promote bicycling simultaneously increased bicycling and reduced injuries 38. Five cities in the USA and Canada that implemented bike-share programmes reduced the annual number of injured bicyclists by an average of 28%, whereas five control cities that did not undertake bike-sharing experienced an average 2% increase in bicyclist injuries 39. The absolute decreases in injuries in these cities, as the amount of bicycling increased, indicates a negative exponent for the Safety in Numbers effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety in Numbers for walkers and bicyclists: exploring the mechanisms

Jacobsen¹,

Ragland

Komanoff³

2015

Inj Prev

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“…However, aggregate annual injuries were found to decline in bikeshare cities, even as they remained approximately the same in non-share cities. 20,21 Proposed reasons included a relative decrease in the incidence of injuries as cycling ridership increased in cities (the "safety in numbers effect"), and the fact that bike-share cities tended to build better cycling infrastructure. 21 In a modeling study of the London bike-sharing scheme, Woodcock and colleagues found that injury risks were lower among bike-share users compared with the average for cyclists in the same area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helmet-Wearing Practices and Barriers in Toronto Bike-Share Users: a Case-Control Study

Friedman

Adamson

Cleiman

et al. 2015

CJEM

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Background: Helmet use among bike-share users is low. We sought to characterize helmet-use patterns, barriers to helmet use, and cycling safety practices among bike-share users in Toronto. Methods: A standardized survey of public bike-share program (PBSP) users at semi-random distribution of PBSP stations was undertaken. By maintaining a ratio of one helmet-wearer (HW): two non-helmet-wearers (NHW) per survey period, we controlled for location, day, time, and weather. Results: Surveys were completed on 545 (180 HW, 365 NHW) unique users at 48/80 PBSP locations,

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Public Bicycle Share Programs and Head Injuries

Abstract: Results suggest that steps should be taken to make helmets available with PBSPs. Helmet availability should be incorporated into PBSP planning and funding, not considered an afterthought following implementation.

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Bicycle helmet use among persons 5 years and older in the United States, 2012

Bicycle helmet use among persons 5 years and older in the United States, 2012

Safety in Numbers for walkers and bicyclists: exploring the mechanisms

Helmet-Wearing Practices and Barriers in Toronto Bike-Share Users: a Case-Control Study

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