Public attitudes toward—and identification of—cluttering and stuttering in Norway and Puerto Rico

Louis, Kenneth O. St.; Sønsterud, Hilda; Carlo, Edna J.; Heitmann, Ragnhild R.; Kvenseth, Helene

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2014.05.005

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This undertaking has permitted the identification of variables that are particularly influential on stuttering attitudes, which has led to collective efforts to improve public attitudes [4]. Even though reports of stigmatizing attitudes are ubiquitous [5][6][7][8][9], several cross-cultural studies have pointed to notable between country differences. In a seminal text on the topic, St. Louis [10] advanced the probable effect of one's geography and/or culture on stuttering attitudes, with better attitudes among persons from North America and Western Europe, followed by Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia.…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of stuttering attitudes among nonstuttering children and parents in Bosnia & Herzegovina

Weidner¹,

Zunic²,

Louis³

et al. 2020

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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One hundred eighty-six child-parent pairs from B&H completed translated versions of the child and adult Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S/Child and POSHA-S). Four child cohorts were examined: (a) kindergarteners, (b) first and second graders, (c) third and fourth graders, and (d) fifth and sixth graders. Results: Children's stuttering attitudes improved with age, with the youngest cohort holding the most negative attitudes. Parents held consistently more positive attitudes than the children overall, but the oldest children's attitudes were quite similar to the parent group. Conclusions: Confirming previous research, children's stuttering attitudes progressively improved with age and approached the attitudes of their parents by fifth and sixth grade.

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Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of stuttering attitudes among nonstuttering children and parents in Bosnia & Herzegovina

Weidner¹,

Zunic²,

Louis³

et al. 2020

Clin Arch Commun Disord

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“…With no direct expression of discomfort, mental distress may be manifested by elevated levels of somatic complaint, which have been previously conceptualized as a non‐verbal expression of distress (Kim et al, 2019). This possibility is particularly interesting in view of the fact that PwC are typically less aware of their speech and communication difficulties than PwS (Daly, 1996; St. Louis & Myers, 1997; St. Louis et al., 2007). Hence, future studies are warranted to assess whether cluttering is associated with more internalizing psychopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be explained by the self‐report method. Possibly, when asked to report the age of onset of their speech difficulties, adults may report the age at which they became aware of their impediment (i.e., a relatively late age given the poor public awareness about cluttering; Daly, 1996; St. Louis & Myers, 1997; St. Louis et al., 2007), and not necessarily the age at which the phenomenon occurred. This issue may be examined in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PwC may experience similar affective, behavioural and cognitive reactions as those with stuttering, including communication avoidance, anxiety and negative attitudes toward communication (Scaler Scott & St. Louis, 2011). Although some PwC are not aware of their communication difficulties (Daly, 1996; St. Louis & Myers, 1997; St. Louis et al., 2007), many are aware that others have difficulty understanding them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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There is more to cluttering than meets the eye: The prevalence of cluttering and association with psychological well‐being indices in an undergraduate sample

Icht

Zukerman

Zigdon

et al. 2023

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

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BackgroundCluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by an abnormally fast or irregular speech delivery rate along with disfluencies that are frequent but are not judged to be stuttering. Data on cluttering prevalence in the general population are scarce, as well as its association with psychological well‐being indices, such as anxiety, and depressive symptoms.AimsTo estimate cluttering prevalence among undergraduates, as well as its relationship with psychological and well‐being indicators.Methods & ProceduresTo address these issues, a large sample (n = 1582) of undergraduates completed a questionnaire that provided a lay definition of cluttering and were asked to identify themselves as clutterers (SI‐Clut), as well as to indicate the presence of several psychological and mental well‐being indices.Outcomes & ResultsA total of 276 respondents (23%) self‐identified as clutterers (now or in the past), with 55.1% of those being male. Only 56 respondents (3.5% of the total sample; about 21% of SI‐Clut) reported having received speech therapy for cluttering. Relative to students self‐identifying as non‐clutterers, self‐identification of cluttering was associated with higher levels of psychosomatic symptoms, depressive symptoms and stress, indicating a tendency toward internalizing psychopathology, along with lower self‐esteem, and lower subjective happiness.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe current findings point to the high prevalence of students self‐identifying as clutterers, along with a significant link between cluttering and mental distress. Therefore, it is important to increase public awareness of cluttering, its diagnosis and treatment. From the clinical perspective, the elevated levels of somatic complaints, anxiety and depression may represent internalizing psychopathology, associated with more covert rather than overt symptomatology. Such symptom manifestation calls for special attention from the speech–language pathologists providing cluttering therapy, using designated well‐being or mental health screening tools. Although data on standard cluttering treatment are limited, it should be customized to the client's unique difficulties. Speech–language pathologists’ understanding of cluttering, which includes both speech characteristics as well as psychological and social aspects of well‐being, may assist them in implementing effective treatments.WHAT THIS PAPER ADDSWhat is already known on the subject Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by an abnormally fast or irregular speech rate, along with various disfluencies and articulatory imprecision. It may co‐occur with other disorders, such as learning disabilities, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Data on cluttering prevalence and its association with psychological well‐being indices, such as anxiety and depression, are limited.What this paper adds to existing knowledge A total of 276 undergraduates (23%) self‐identified as clutterers, of whom 55.1% were males. A total of 56 respondents (3.5% of the total sample, and about 21% of undergraduates self‐identified as clutterers) reported having received speech therapy for cluttering. Psychosomatic symptoms, depressive symptoms and stress levels were higher among these students, suggesting a tendency toward internalizing psychopathology, along with a lower sense of self‐esteem and subjective happiness.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The high prevalence of students self‐identifying as clutterers, along with the low percentage of respondents who received speech therapy for cluttering, emphasize the need to raise public awareness of the problem, its diagnosis and treatment (Reichel et al., 2010). The association between cluttering and mental distress requires speech–language pathologists to be aware that cluttering may have covert symptomatology, similar to stuttering, which should be addressed in therapy.

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“…Most have targeted cluttering [27][28], although isolated studies have been carried out to investigate public attitudes toward mental illness [29], obesity, and other communication disorders. These instruments are not being considered in this paper.…”

Section: Posha-smentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Parents and Young Childrens Attitudes Toward Stuttering

Louis

Weidner²,

Mancini³

2016

J Speech Pathol Ther

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Background: In this paper, two new measures of public attitudes toward stuttering, the public opinion survey of human attributes-stuttering/child (POSHA-S/Child), an epidemiological instrument for young children, and the appraisal of the stuttering environment (ASE), a clinical self-report instrument to measure attitudes among family members and close friends of stuttering clients, are compared with the widely-used public opinion survey of human attributes-stuttering (POSHA-S). Previous studies were integrated with a new study to document that both the POSHA-S/Child and the ASE provide similar summary ratings (Beliefs and Self Reactions sub scores and Overall Stuttering Scores) to the POSHA-S.

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Public attitudes toward—and identification of—cluttering and stuttering in Norway and Puerto Rico

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

A comparison of stuttering attitudes among nonstuttering children and parents in Bosnia & Herzegovina

A comparison of stuttering attitudes among nonstuttering children and parents in Bosnia & Herzegovina

There is more to cluttering than meets the eye: The prevalence of cluttering and association with psychological well‐being indices in an undergraduate sample

Comparing Parents and Young Childrens Attitudes Toward Stuttering

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