Puberty in modernizing Kazakhstan: A comparison of rural and urban children

Facchini, Fiorenzo; Fiori, Giovanni; Bedogni, Giorgio; Galletti, Livia; Ismagulov, Orazak; Ismagulova, Ainagul; Sharmanov, Turegeldy; Tsoy, Igor; Belcastro, Maria Giovanna; Rizzoli, Sara; Goldoni, Matteo

doi:10.1080/03014460701784567

Cited by 16 publications

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“…There are studies arguing that women tend to overreport their menarcheal ages as they get older (Cameron and Nadgee 1996), as well as studies suggesting under-reporting (Damon and Bajema 1974). On the other hand, several studies comparing recall data with other sources of information have inferred recalled menarcheal ages to be fairly consistent with other estimates (Damon and Bajema 1974;Bean et al 1979;Henneberg and Louw 1995;Must et al 2002;Facchini et al 2008). The use of the retrospective approach for estimating mean menarcheal age seems to have ceased for developed countries; Danker-Hopfe (1986) reports that it was widely used in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Other environmental factors which are considered to be influential on menarcheal age are birth order (Padez and Rocha 2003;Gama 2008), physical activity (Chavarro et al 2004), race or ethnicity (Lin et al 1992;Deb 2009) which are usually considered among genetic differences, seasonality (Ersoy et al 2004;Dündar et al 2008) and altitude (Gonzales and Villena 1996). Facchini et al (2008) imply in their study that environmental effects are weak in developed countries, in contrast to developing countries where they are still influential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Among environmental factors; while nutrition and general health status have a more direct influence on menarcheal age, there are some 'secondary factors' affecting the age at menarche that operate through nutritional and other health practices (Danker-Hopfe 1986;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005;Ong et al 2006;Deb 2009). Urban or rural background/residence (Chavarro et al 2004;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005;Facchini et al 2008), socio-economic status (Ayatollahi et al 2002;Chavarro et al 2004;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005;Bektaş 2007), family income (Cameron and Nadgee 1996), occupation of parents (Henneberg and Louw 1995;Chavarro et al 2004), education of parents (Do lago et al 2003;Padez 2003;Chavarro et al 2004;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005), education (Adanu et al 2006) and family size/number of siblings (Padez 2003;Chavarro et al 2004;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005) are examples of such secondary factors that have been found to be associated to menarcheal age in the literature. Other environmental factors which are considered to be influential on menarcheal age are birth order (Padez and Rocha 2003;Gama 2008), physical activity (Chavarro et al 2004), race or ethnicity (Lin et al 1992;Deb 2009) which are usually considered among genetic differences, seasonality (Ersoy et al 2004;Dündar et al 2008) and altitude (Gonzales and Villena 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This variability is usually attributed to genetic differences (Eveleth 1986;Danker-Hopfe and Delibalta 1990) and differences in environmental factors (Facchini et al 2008) such as nutrition and general health. Among environmental factors; while nutrition and general health status have a more direct influence on menarcheal age, there are some 'secondary factors' affecting the age at menarche that operate through nutritional and other health practices (Danker-Hopfe 1986;Wronka and Pawliń ska-Chmara 2005;Ong et al 2006;Deb 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menarcheal age in Turkey: Secular trend and socio-demographic correlates

Adalı

Koç

2011

Annals of Human Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Menarcheal age in Turkey: Secular trend and socio-demographic correlates

Adalı

Koç

2011

Annals of Human Biology

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“…However, owing to commendable improvements in the field of sanitation and hygiene, nutritional supply, public health interventions and socioeconomic advancement, the menarcheal age exhibited a secular declining trend across human population of late with considerable variability [24], [30], [34].This variability in the menarcheal age across subgroups of human population follows gradients along economic status, educational attainment, racial/ethnic differences, rural-urban system of living, supply of nutritional/health services, and family size/number of siblings etc [2], [20], [35]–[37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular Trends in Menarcheal Age in India-Evidence from the Indian Human Development Survey

2014

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BackgroundEvidence from a number of countries in Europe and North America point towards the secular declining trend in menarcheal age with considerable spatial variations over the past two centuries. Similar trends were reported in several developing countries from Asia, Africa and Latin America. However, data corroborating any secular trend in the menarcheal age of the Indian population remained sparse and inadequately verified.MethodsWe examined secular trends, regional heterogeneity and association of socioeconomic, anthropometric and contextual factors with menarcheal age among ever-married women (15–49 years) in India. Using the pseudo cohort data approach, we fit multiple linear regression models to estimate secular trends in menarcheal age of 91394 ever-married women using the Indian Human Development Survey.ResultsThe mean age at menarche among Indian women was 13.76 years (95 % CI: 13.75, 13.77) in 2005. It declined by three months from 13.83 years (95% CI: 13.81, 13.85) among women born prior to 1955–1964, to nearly 13.62 years (95% CI: 13.58, 13.67) among women born during late 1985–1989. However, these aggregate national figures mask extensive spatial heterogeneity as mean age at menarche varied from 15.0 years in Himachal Pradesh during 1955–1964 (95% CI: 14.89–15.11) to about 12.1 years in Assam (95% CI: 11.63–12.56) during 1985–1989.ConclusionThe regression analysis established a reduction of nearly one month per decade, suggesting a secular decline in age at menarche among Indian women. Notably, the menarcheal age was significantly associated with the area of residence, geographic region, linguistic groups, educational attainment, wealth status, caste and religious affiliations among Indian women.

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Worldwide Secular Trends in Age at Pubertal Onset Assessed by Breast Development Among Girls

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCEThe initial clinical sign of pubertal onset in girls is breast gland development (thelarche). Although numerous studies have used recalled age at menarche (first menstruation) to assess secular trends of pubertal timing, no systematic review has been conducted of secular trends of thelarche.OBJECTIVES To systematically evaluate published data on pubertal timing based on age at thelarche and evaluate the change in pubertal onset in healthy girls around the world.DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase of all original peer-reviewed articles published in English before June 20, 2019.STUDY SELECTION Included studies used clinical assessment of breast development in healthy girls and used adequate statistical methods, including the reporting of SEs or CIs. The quality of the articles was evaluated by assessing study design, potential sources of bias, main characteristics of the study population, and methods of statistical analysis. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESISIn accordance with PRISMA guidelines, all articles were assessed for eligibility independently by 2 authors. Weighted regression analysis was performed using a random-effects model. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESStudies examining age at thelarche (development of Tanner breast stage 2) in healthy girls. RESULTSThe literature search resulted in a total of 3602 studies, of which 30 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. There was a secular trend in ages at thelarche according to race/ethnicity and geography. Overall, the age at thelarche decreased 0.24 years (95% CI, −0.44 to −0.04) (almost 3 months) per decade from 1977 to 2013 (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe age at thelarche has decreased a mean of almost 3 months per decade from 1977 to 2013. A younger age at pubertal onset may change current diagnostic decision-making. The medical community needs current and relevant data to redefine "precocious puberty," because the traditional definition may be outdated, at least in some regions of the world.

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Puberty in modernizing Kazakhstan: A comparison of rural and urban children

Abstract: A relationship between pubertal status and the living environment was present in a rapidly modernizing country such as Kazakhstan.

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Menarcheal age in Turkey: Secular trend and socio-demographic correlates

Menarcheal age in Turkey: Secular trend and socio-demographic correlates

Secular Trends in Menarcheal Age in India-Evidence from the Indian Human Development Survey

Worldwide Secular Trends in Age at Pubertal Onset Assessed by Breast Development Among Girls

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