Pubertal maturation in girls and the relationship to anthropometric changes: Pathways through puberty

Biro, Frank M.; Lucky, Anne W.; Simbartl, Loretta A.; Barton, Bruce; Daniels, Stephen R.; Striegel‐Moore, Ruth H.; Kronsberg, Shari S.; Morrison, John A.

doi:10.1067/mpd.2003.244

Cited by 131 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…El 16,4% de las niñas chilenas de Santiago presentan telarquia entre los 7 y 7,99 años, las cuales tenían mayoritariamente entre los 7,5 y 7,99 años, y no presentaron simultáneamente vello púbico, sugiriendo que se puede tratar de casos de telarquia aislada o de cuadros de pubertad lentamente progresiva. El hecho que las niñas tengan telarquia aislada sin vello púbico, ha sido descrito en otras poblaciones, asociado a un aumento del IMC y porcentaje de grasa corporal total 18 , aunque también puede tener un componente genético, ya descrito en el nivel socio-económico medio y bajo chileno 15 . En el tramo de 8 a 8,99 años 27% tenía telarquia, pero sólo 3% tenía desarrollo de mamas y vello pubiano simultáneo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cronología del desarrollo puberal en niñas escolares de Santiago: relación con nivel socio-económico e índice de masa corporal

Gaete

et al. 2004

Rev. méd. Chile

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Cronología del desarrollo puberal en niñas escolares de Santiago: relación con nivel socio-económico e índice de masa corporal

Gaete

et al. 2004

Rev. méd. Chile

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“…5,6 Premature onset of puberty is preceded by childhood insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia, 7 which may persist after puberty 8 and continue into early adulthood. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast size and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ray¹,

Mohllajee²,

Dam³

et al. 2007

Canadian Medical Association Journal

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O besity is an established risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus.1,2 Affected individuals show signs of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, a process that may begin in childhood.3,4 Pre-adolescent obesity is also an important predictor of age of onset of breast development in young women, and of breast size after puberty. 5,6 Premature onset of puberty is preceded by childhood insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia, 7 which may persist after puberty 8 and continue into early adulthood. 9Although an elevated body mass index (BMI)10,11 and central adiposity 12 are established risk factors for insulin resistance and the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus, little is known about the contribution of extra-abdominal adipose tissue, including breast tissue, about 60% of which is fatty tissue, to this process.13,14 We hypothesized that a woman's breast size in late adolescence reflects her predisposition to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus that is both additive to, and independent of, BMI. We explored this hypothesis in conjunction with the Nurses' Health Study II by relating bra cup size, a proxy for breast size, to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods ParticipantsThe Nurses' Health Study II is a prospective cohort study, which was initiated in 1989 and is ongoing. The study involves 116 609 women, more than 90% of whom are white, from 14 US states.15 At the time of enrolment, participants were between the ages of 25 and 42, and they completed a detailed baseline questionnaire about their health, lifestyles and anthrometric characteristics. They continue to complete follow-up questionnaires on a biennial basis. We included all women who had concomitant information about bra cup size at age 20 and BMI at age 18, for a total of 92 106 participants. We excluded women who had already received a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or who had a history of gestational diabetes.

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“…Two pathways to puberty with differing first signs of puberty, thelarche (breast development first) and adrenarche (pubic hair development first), have been defined. 113 It would be of interest to know whether girls who go through these distinct pathways have differing breast cancer risks.…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Implications of Altered Puberty Timing

et al. 2008

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Changes in puberty timing have implications for the treatment of individual children, for the risk of later adult disease, and for chemical testing and risk assessment for the population. Children with early puberty are at a risk for accelerated skeletal maturation and short adult height, early sexual debut, potential sexual abuse, and psychosocial difficulties. Altered puberty timing is also of concern for the development of reproductive tract cancers later in life. For example, an early age of menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer. A low age at male puberty is associated with an increased risk for testicular cancer according to several, but not all, epidemiologic studies. Girls and, possibly, boys who exhibit premature adrenarche are at a higher risk for developing features of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. Altered timing of puberty also has implications for behavioral disorders. For example, an early maturation is associated with a greater incidence of conduct and behavior disorders during adolescence. Finally, altered puberty timing is considered an adverse effect in reproductive toxicity risk assessment for chemicals. Recent US legislation has mandated improved chemical testing approaches for protecting children's health and screening for endocrinedisrupting agents, which has led to changes in the US Environmental Protection Agency's risk assessment and toxicity testing guidelines to include puberty-related assessments and to the validation of pubertal male and female rat assays for endocrine screening.

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Pubertal maturation in girls and the relationship to anthropometric changes: Pathways through puberty

Cited by 131 publications

References 20 publications

Cronología del desarrollo puberal en niñas escolares de Santiago: relación con nivel socio-económico e índice de masa corporal

Cronología del desarrollo puberal en niñas escolares de Santiago: relación con nivel socio-económico e índice de masa corporal

Breast size and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Public Health Implications of Altered Puberty Timing

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