PTSD symptoms associated with the experiences of psychosis and hospitalisation: A review of the literature

Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis: etiopatho­genic and nosological implications

“…Two variables have been identified as potential precursors of this post-traumatic condition: positive symptoms and the type of psychiatric admission (e.g., voluntary vs. involuntary). Concerning the first factor, there are partially consistent findings to establish a positive relationship between presence or severity of positive symptoms and PTSD 82,85,87,88 . As for the kind of admission and/or treatment, the association is less conclusive 82,84,85,87 .…”

“…Concerning the first factor, there are partially consistent findings to establish a positive relationship between presence or severity of positive symptoms and PTSD 82,85,87,88 . As for the kind of admission and/or treatment, the association is less conclusive 82,84,85,87 . Together, these data have posed the question of what variables could be modulating the relationship between these variables and PTSD.…”

“…Together, these data have posed the question of what variables could be modulating the relationship between these variables and PTSD. In this sense, current findings suggest that the presence of PTSD in subjects with first psychotic episodes is higher if 1) they have a previous history of trauma, 2) use dysfunctional assessment and coping strategies in front of stress (e.g., experience of uncontrollability), and 3) show comorbid depressive symptoms 4,[82][83][84][88][89][90] .…”

“…On this issue, many studies with clinical samples of subjects with first psychotic episodes showed that the prevalence of PTSD ranges from 11% to 67%, being diagnosed in a third of patients assessed on average 4,[82][83][84][85][86][87][88] . Two variables have been identified as potential precursors of this post-traumatic condition: positive symptoms and the type of psychiatric admission (e.g., voluntary vs. involuntary).…”

The Trauma and Life Events (TALE) checklist: development of a tool for improving routine screening in people with psychosis

“…A second problem is that psychosis-related traumas, such as hearing voices or involuntary hospitalization, are rarely incorporated in assessments, despite evidence that internally generated, physical threats or external, psychological threats can result in posttraumatic stress (Berry, Ford, Jellico-Jones, & Haddock, 2013; Fornells-Ambrojo, Gracie, Brewin, & Hardy, 2016). Any robust assessment of trauma in psychosis needs to include these events.…”