PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation in US female firefighters

Noor, Nausheen; Pao, Christine; Dragomir-Davis, M.; Tran, Jana K.; Arbona, Consuelo

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqz057

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Multivariable stepwise linear regression analyses were also applied to analyze the association of probable subthreshold PTSD with variable clinical outcomes after adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics. In each model, age, gender, marital status, religions, work length, number of traumatic events, and current job were added as potential covariates (variables were entered in a model using the criterion: p for entry .05, p for removal .10), and these variables were selected by review of previous literature (Lee, Lee, Kim, Jeon, & Sim, 2017; Noor, Pao, Draqomir‐Davis, Tran, & Arbona, 2019; Park, Kim, Oh, & Kim, 2018). Analyses were performed 56 times (7 subthreshold PTSD definition × 4 clinical variables × 2 times).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and clinical impairment of subthreshold PTSD using DSM‐5 criteria in a national sample of Korean firefighters

Kim

Park

et al. 2020

Depression and Anxiety

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Background Firefighters are at high risk for subthreshold and full‐threshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to their frequent exposure to various traumatic events. Although individuals with subthreshold PTSD have increased impairment, often needing treatment, the rates of subthreshold PTSD in firefighters remain unknown. Moreover, there is currently no consensus regarding the definition of subthreshold PTSD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rates and clinical impairment of subthreshold PTSD according to various definitions in a national sample of firefighters. Methods A total of 45,698 Korean firefighters completed self‐reported questionnaires to assess the severity of PTSD symptoms, suicidal behavior, depression, alcohol use problems, and PTS‐related functional impairment. Six different definitions used in the literature were used to calculate the prevalence rate of subthreshold PTSD. Multivariable linear regression and analysis of variance were performed to identify the relationship of subthreshold PTSD with suicidal behavior, depression, alcohol use problems, and PTS‐related functional impairment. Results The rate of full‐threshold PTSD was 2.63%, and the rate of subthreshold PTSD ranged from 1.79% to 17.98%. The individuals with subthreshold PTSD most commonly failed the D criteria, which included negative alterations in cognition and mood. Regardless of the definition used, subthreshold PTSD was found to be associated with increased suicidal behavior, depression, alcohol use problems, and functional impairment. Conclusions Subthreshold PTSD appears to be equal to or more frequent than full‐threshold PTSD in Korean firefighters and associated with various negative clinical outcomes. Further effort to detect and treat subthreshold PTSD in firefighters may be essential.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and clinical impairment of subthreshold PTSD using DSM‐5 criteria in a national sample of Korean firefighters

Kim

Park

et al. 2020

Depression and Anxiety

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“…In addition to different measurement tools applied, these differences may also be explained by variabilities in personal attributes, working experience, the number of distressing missions, exposure to traumatic events as well as the severity of such events. In a study by Noor et al, on firefighters in the United States, the prevalence of PTSD in male firefighters was 20% ( 11 ). A high level of social support may play an important role in preventing the PTSD of firefighters ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of PTSD is high in individuals such as hospital workers, military staff, police officers, and firefighters who are exposed to severe psychological traumas and occupational distresses ( 9 , 10 ). PTSD negatively affects the quality of life and social relationships and increases the risk of suicide among firefighters ( 11 ). The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among firefighters have been documented as 44% and 25%, respectively ( 11 , 12 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTSD negatively affects the quality of life and social relationships and increases the risk of suicide among firefighters ( 11 ). The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among firefighters have been documented as 44% and 25%, respectively ( 11 , 12 ). The risk of PTSD among firefighters varies in the literature from 6.5% to 50%, which is significantly higher than that in the general population ( 13 - 16 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Firefighters in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sahebi

Yousefi

Moayedi

et al. 2020

IJPS

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Objective: Firefighters are exposed to many different chemicals and physical hazards and experience a significant number of accidents and injuries. They are exposed to high-risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of PTSD among Iranian firefighters. Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Valid Persian and English keywords were searched in data resources, including SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve articles on the prevalence of PTSD among Iranian firefighters. The STROBE checklist was used to assess the quality of the articles. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed by I2 index. The data were analyzed using Stata14 software. Results: Of the 316 articles selected in the initial search, 3 articles the inclusion criteria and were used for the meta-analysis. A total of 274 firefighters were studied. The prevalence of PTSD was 23.17% among Iranian firefighters (I2 = 92.4%, 95% CI = 6.71-39.62, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of PTSD is among Iranian firefighters relatively high and has been on the rise over the recent years.

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“…In addition to the abovementioned issues, the variation in PTSD rates among firefighters is also explained through occupational conditions and experience in different crisis scenarios [57][58][59][60]. Psarros et al [1] (p. 20), when analyzing the personality traits and individual factors associated with PTSD, found that "those who worked permanently as firefighters had 70% lower probability of having PTSD as compared to participants who worked temporary as firefighters", associating the training and field experience to the development of stress-related diseases.…”

Section: A Relational Model For Stress In Firefightersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Relational Model for Stress: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors for Stress-Related Diseases in Firefighters

Becker

Paixão

Quartilho

2020

Psych

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Firefighters are considered a high-risk group for the development of PTSD and other stress-related diseases. More than the exposure to potentially traumatic events, personal and occupational characteristics have been pointed out as interfering in the perception of stress, which may lead to the emergence of mental and physical symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the main factors that contribute to stress-related diseases in firefighters. A systematic review was conducted in order to identify original articles focusing on risk and protective factors for stress in this population. Personality traits, training, experience in extreme situations and social and organizational support influence the perception of stress and, consequently, the choice of coping strategies, which may protect against or potentiate the stress reactions. The findings of this study allow us to draw a relational model that represents the dynamics among the factors related to stress in firefighters. The development of PTSD and other stress-related diseases depends on a host of pre-trauma and post-trauma factors and, although training is an important protective factor, being prepared to face extreme situations does not mean being immune to traumatic stress.

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PTSD symptoms and suicidal ideation in US female firefighters

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

The prevalence and clinical impairment of subthreshold PTSD using DSM‐5 criteria in a national sample of Korean firefighters

The prevalence and clinical impairment of subthreshold PTSD using DSM‐5 criteria in a national sample of Korean firefighters

Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Firefighters in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A Relational Model for Stress: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors for Stress-Related Diseases in Firefighters

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