PTSD in victims of terroristic attacks – a comparison with the impact of other traumatic events on patients’ lives

Bossini, Letizia; Casolaro, Ilaria; Koukouna, Despoina; Caterini, Claudia; Olivola, Miriam; Fagiolini, Andrea

doi:10.12740/pp/65742

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The DTS is used for those who have experienced one or more traumatic events (Bossini et al, 2016;Davidson et al, 2001). It primarily quantifies the frequency and the severity of symptoms.…”

Section: Frequency and Severity Of Posttraumatic Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of physical comorbidities in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder developed after a terrorist attack or other traumatic event

Ferretti

Pozza

Bossini

et al. 2019

J of Neuroscience Research

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No study investigated whether the presence of specific medical comorbidities is associated with the type of traumatic event, in particular with terrorist attack (TA). In a group of subjects with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the current study investigated the association between the types of traumatic event (TA vs. other traumatic event [OTE]) and medical comorbidities, controlling for sex and PTSD duration. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale, and the Davidson Trauma Scale were administered to 84 subjects diagnosed with PTSD. Thirty‐nine were victims of TA and 45 victims of OTE. TA was associated with higher prevalence of neoplasms (β = 2.60, p = 0.02). Females were more protected than males from circulatory system comorbidities (β = 1.47, p = 0.04), while PTSD duration was associated with higher prevalence of such comorbidities (β = 0.005, p = 0.01). Females showed a higher prevalence of neoplasms than males (β = 2.50, p = 0.02). Female sex was protective against metabolic syndrome (β = −1.79, p = 0.02). Patients with PTSD due to TA and female patients should be considered for their higher prevalence of neoplasms, while male patients and those with higher symptom duration should be monitored for circulatory disease and metabolic syndrome. Symptom duration might be associated with circulatory and metabolic disease. Implications for tailored and timely psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic intervention for PTSD are discussed focusing on these specific medical comorbidities.

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“…The DTS is used for those who have experienced one or more traumatic events (Bossini et al, 2016;Davidson et al, 2001). It primarily quantifies the frequency and the severity of symptoms.…”

Section: Frequency and Severity Of Posttraumatic Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of physical comorbidities in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder developed after a terrorist attack or other traumatic event

Ferretti

Pozza

Bossini

et al. 2019

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic also shares some elements with disasters caused by people, such as terrorist acts like 9/11, in that they lead to hypervigilance, hyperarousal, and avoidance among individuals who view themselves as at risk of experiencing a similar traumatic event (Bossini et al, 2016; SAMHSA, 2014b; Shamai, 2015). This can be exacerbated by uncertainty as to when the threat will no longer be present.…”

Section: Centering Trauma In Health Promotion Education During a Pandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be exacerbated by uncertainty as to when the threat will no longer be present. Over time continued hypervigilance, hyperarousal, and avoidance can result in disruptions to daily functioning, sleep disruptions, exhaustion, as well as subsequent mental and physical health effects including posttraumatic stress disorder (Bossini et al, 2016; Paz García-Vera et al, 2016; Pozza et al, 2019). Unlike trauma related to terrorist attacks, the “common enemy” that causes such disruption is not a person or group of people but instead a virus.…”

Section: Centering Trauma In Health Promotion Education During a Pandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching During a Pandemic: A Model for Trauma-Informed Education and Administration

Harper

Neubauer

2020

Pedagogy in Health Promotion

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) realities have demanded that educators move swiftly to adopt new ways of teaching, advising, and mentoring. We suggest the centering of a trauma-informed approach to education and academic administration during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) guidance on trauma-informed approaches to care. In our model for trauma-informed education and administration (M-TIEA), SAMHSA’s four key organizational assumptions are foundational, including a realization about trauma and its wide-ranging effects; a recognition of the basic signs and symptoms of trauma; a response that involves fully integrating knowledge into programs, policies, and practices; and an active process for resisting retraumatization. Since educators during the pandemic must follow new restrictions regarding how they teach, we have expanded the practice of teaching in M-TIEA to include both academic administrators’ decision making about teaching, and educators’ planning and implementation of teaching. In M-TIEA, SAMHSA’s six guiding principles for a trauma-informed approach are infused into these two interrelated teaching processes, and include the following: safety; trustworthiness and transparency; peer support; collaboration and mutuality; empowerment, voice, and choice; and cultural, historical, and gender issues. M-TIEA’s organizational assumptions, processes, and principles are situated within an outer context that acknowledges the potential influences of four types of intersectional traumas and stressors that may occur at multiple socioecological levels: pandemic-related trauma and stressors; other forms of individual, group, community, or mass trauma and stressors; historical trauma; and current general life stressors. This acknowledges that all trauma-informed work is dynamic and may be influenced by contextual factors.

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“…The most common mental health outcomes after terror attacks associate with symptoms of depression and anxiety [4], substance abuse [5,6], and, in more severe cases, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [7][8][9][10][11]. Therefore, it is important to bear in mind the existence of comorbidities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Self-reported Questionnaires used to Assess Mental Health After the January 2015 Terrorist Attacks in the Paris Region: IMPACTS Survey

Bertuzzi

Héron

Aubert³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Gold standard measures in mental health are composed of structured clinical interviews. The design of a study could impede using gold standard measures. Several self-report questionnaires are then used to screen for a number of psychiatric symptoms. Therefore, the need to understand which among those would be most appropriate to be applied after terrorism. The present study examined the performance of self-report questionnaires used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PCL-S) and symptoms of depression and anxiety (HADS) compared to the MINI among civilians and first responders involved in terror attacks. Methods: This study was based on the data from the IMPACTS Survey conducted from 6 to10 months among civilians (N=190) and first responders (N=232) after the January 2015 terrorist attacks in the Paris Region, France. Sensitivity and specificity of the PCL-S and HADS were estimated by the ROC curve. The optimal threshold for each of the questionnaires was defined using the Youden index. The area under the curve was determined to assess the ability of the instruments to diagnose or score the proposed disorders. Results: Data of 190 civilians and 232 first responders were used to assess the performance of PCL-S and HADS. Concerning the PCL-S: for civilians, the overall AUC was 0.947, and the optimal threshold was 38.5; for first responders, the overall AUC was 0.899, and the optimal threshold was 39.5. Regarding the HADS-D: for civilians, the overall AUC was 0.908 and optimal threshold was 7.5; for first responders, the overall AUC was 0.617 and the “optimal” threshold was 1.5. About the HADS-A for civilians, the overall AUC was 0.823 and the optimal threshold was 9.5; for first responders, the overall AUC was 0.717 and the optimal threshold was 6.5. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated a satisfactory performance of the PCL-S and the HAD-D to screen for PTSD or depression (respectively) compared to the MINI, and an unsatisfactory performance of the HAD-A to assess anxiety disorders compared to the MINI. It would be interesting if the study were replicated in other countries and in different types of disaster.

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PTSD in victims of terroristic attacks – a comparison with the impact of other traumatic events on patients’ lives

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

A comparison of physical comorbidities in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder developed after a terrorist attack or other traumatic event

A comparison of physical comorbidities in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder developed after a terrorist attack or other traumatic event

Teaching During a Pandemic: A Model for Trauma-Informed Education and Administration

Evaluation of the Self-reported Questionnaires used to Assess Mental Health After the January 2015 Terrorist Attacks in the Paris Region: IMPACTS Survey

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