PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: discriminating factors in a population-based cross-sectional study

Daniunaite, Ieva; Cloitre, Marylène; Karatzias, Thanos; Shevlin, Mark; Thoresen, Siri; Želvienė, Paulina; Kazlauskas, Evaldas

doi:10.1080/20008198.2021.1890937

Cited by 23 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Japan is an Asian country with a collectivistic culture and a technologically developed population with a complex history and high exposure to natural disasters. We included social factors, such as social support, loneliness, financial difficulties in family along with trauma exposure in the study to explore factors associated with PTSD/CPTSD in adolescence based on previous empirical evidence (Daniunaite et al ., 2021) as relevant to the cultural contexts in both countries in our study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This study is part of the larger multicultural longitudinal study Stress and Resilience in Adolescence (STAR-A) initiated at the Center for Psychotraumatology at Vilnius University in Lithuania (Kazlauskas et al ., 2020; Zelviene et al ., 2020; Daniunaite et al ., 2021). The relevant Institutional Review Boards approved the study in both Japan and Lithuania.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the first studies on the CPTSD prevalence and risk factors (Elliott et al ., 2021; Haselgruber et al ., 2021; Tian et al ., 2021; Redican et al ., 2022) identified discriminating factors of CPTSD v . PTSD, with the social factors, such as lack of social support or difficulties in family or school, having a specifically important role (Daniunaite et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trauma exposure and factors associated with ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: a cross-cultural study in Japan and Lithuania

Kazlauskas

Jovarauskaitė

Abe

et al. 2022

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Cross-cultural studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) based on ICD-11 diagnostic criteria are scarce, especially in adolescence. The study aimed to evaluate the trauma exposure, prevalence and factors associated with PTSD and CPTSD in general populations of adolescents in Lithuania and Japan. Methods The study sample comprised 1746 adolescents from Lithuania (n = 832) and Japan (n = 914), 49.8% female. The mean age of study participants was 15.52 (s.d. = 1.64), ranging from 12 to 18 years. ICD-11 posttraumatic disorders were assessed using the International Trauma Questionnaire – Child and Adolescent version (ITQ-CA). Results More than half of the adolescents in a total sample (61.5%) reported exposure to at least one traumatic event in their lifetime, 80.0% in Lithuania and 44.6% in Japan, with a higher prevalence of interpersonal trauma in Lithuania and more natural disaster exposure in Japan. The prevalence of PTSD was 5.2% (95% CI 3.8–6.9%) and 2.3% (95% CI 1.4–3.5%), CPTSD 12.3% (95% CI 10.1–14.7%) and 4.1% (95% CI 2.9–5.5%) in Lithuanian and Japanese samples, respectively. Cumulative trauma exposure, female gender, loneliness and financial difficulties in family predicted both PTSD and CPTSD in the total sample. Loneliness discriminated CPTSD v. PTSD in both Lithuanian and Japanese samples. Conclusions This cross-cultural study is among the first which reported different patterns of trauma exposure in Asian Japanese and Lithuanian adolescents in Europe. Despite differences in trauma exposure and PTSD/CPTSD prevalence, we found similar predictors in both studies, particularly the importance of cumulative trauma exposure for PTSD/CPTSD, and social interpersonal factors for the risk of CPTSD. The study supports the universality of traumatic stress reactions to adverse life experiences in adolescence across cultures and regions and highlights different levels of traumatisation of adolescents in various countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trauma exposure and factors associated with ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: a cross-cultural study in Japan and Lithuania

Kazlauskas

Jovarauskaitė

Abe

et al. 2022

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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“…17 These estimates are relatively higher than other general-population studies among adults 18,19,20 and thus, establishing prevalence rates across different populations of young people is necessary. There is a dearth of research investigating factors which increase a young person's susceptibility to CPTSD however, interpersonal trauma, 6,7,17,21 cumulative trauma, 7,19,22 female gender 7,23 and social factors 17 have been indicated as particularly salient risk factors. Different patterns of comorbidity have also been observed in young people compared with adult populations, 21,24 however such research is limited.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of ICD‐11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD in young people

Redican

Cloitre

McBride

et al. 2022

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Objective: The prevalence, construct validity, risk factors and psychopathological correlates associated with ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) as measured by the International Trauma Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ITQ-CA) were assessed in a sample of young people from Northern Ireland. Method: Participants were trauma-exposed 11-19-year-olds (N = 507) who participated in the Northern Ireland Youth Wellbeing Prevalence Survey (YWS-NI, 2020). Factor mixture modelling (FMM) was used to test the latent structure of the ITQ-CA. Risk-factors and psychopathological correlates associated with latent class membership, and ICD-11diagnostic status, were also investigated.Results: More participants met the ITQ-CA criteria for CPTSD (3.4%, n = 44) than PTSD (1.5%, n = 19). A second-order FMM comprising a 'partial-PTSD class', a 'CPTSD class', a 'DSO class' and a 'low symptom endorsement class' was the best-fitting model. Younger age and cumulative trauma were risk factors for all trauma classes. Female gender and two or more violent traumas were significant predictors of the 'PTSD' and 'CPTSD' classes, while single sexual trauma was a significant predictor of the 'DSO' and 'CPTSD' classes.Two or more sexual traumas was a unique predictor of 'CPTSD class', while two or more vicarious traumas was a unique predictor of 'DSO class'. The 'CPTSD' class displayed the most notable comorbidity.Conclusions: Findings indicate that CPTSD may be more prevalent than PTSD in children and young people. Support for the ICD-11 conceptualisation of CPTSD as representing a unique diagnostic construct was supported using FMM, with findings indicating trauma symptom class-specific risk profiles.

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“…Likewise, Yaşar et al ( 2021 ) observed that the fear of COVID-19 was effective on trust in colleagues. In their study investigating the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on generalized trust, Thoresen et al ( 2021 ) associated pandemic-related concerns and high perceived health threat levels with lower levels of generalized trust. This result obtained this study suggested that different anxieties and fears in the pandemic process affected the stress levels of professionals, and as perceived stress increased, trust in relationships decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Stress, Coping and Trust Levels of Turkish Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

Can

Avçin

2021

J Relig Health

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This study was conducted to evaluate Turkish healthcare professionals’ demographic characteristics and the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and stress, coping and trust levels, and to examine the correlation between them. The study has a descriptive and correlational design. The sample of the study included 529 healthcare professionals who volunteered to participate in the study between 01.06.2020 and 31.07.2020 in Turkey. Data were obtained using self-applied online questionnaires. The Perceived Stress Scale and the Trust in Relationships Scale were used to collect the data. The study found a significant correlation between the demographic characteristics of the healthcare professionals such as age, marital status and having children, and their perceived stress and coping level ( p < 0.05). The study found significant correlations between the variables of having someone around them diagnosed with COVID-19, contacting with a COVID-19-suspected/positive patient, having a chronic disease, needing psychological support, questioning interpersonal relationships, quality of life and looking to the future with hope/enthusiasm, and healthcare professionals’ perceived stress and coping levels ( p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the variables of having a chronic health issue, abiding by the rule of stay at home/social isolation, quality of life and looking to the future with hope/enthusiasm and the Trust in Relationships Scale ( p < 0.05). Determining the perceived stress, coping and trust levels of Turkish healthcare professionals should be regarded as an opportunity to provide necessary support not only in this pandemic period but after all this end.

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PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: discriminating factors in a population-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Trauma exposure and factors associated with ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: a cross-cultural study in Japan and Lithuania

Trauma exposure and factors associated with ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD in adolescence: a cross-cultural study in Japan and Lithuania

Prevalence and predictors of ICD‐11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD in young people

Examining the Stress, Coping and Trust Levels of Turkish Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

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