“…Gratifyingly, the TOF obtained with 2 is also comparable to or higher than the majority of these systems including RuNPs dispersed in 3D-interconnected hierarchical porous N-doped carbon (TOF of 654 h À 1 in EtOH at 100 °C), [40] a well-dispersed core shell nanocatalyst, Ru-SiO 2 @mSiO 2 (TOF of 30 h À 1 in water at 90 °C), [33c] thermoregulated phase-transfer Pt nanoparticles (TOF of 193 h À 1 in water at 80 °C), [15] RuNPs stabilised by a diol functionalised ionic liquid (TOF of 10 h À 1 in [BMMIM]NTf 2 at 80 °C), [5] polymer supported PdNPs (TOF of 22 h À 1 in MeOH/water at 80 °C), [6a,b] phosphine-functionalised ionic liquid-stabilised rhodium and ruthenium NPs (TOF of 20 h À 1 in [BMIM][PF 6 ] at 50 °C and 71 h À 1 in water at 50 °C, respectively) ][33b ,41] and RuNPs supported on biomass-derived Ndoped porous 2D-carbon nanosheets (TOF of 96 h À 1 in ethanol at 40 °C). [42] Other relevant comparisons include PdNPs supported on amine-rich hollow silica nanospheres (TOF of 135 h À 1 in cyclohexane at 50 °C), [23a] ionic liquid stabilised NiNPs (TOF of 29 h À 1 in EtOH at 75 °C), [43] NHC-stabilised RhNPs (TOF of 496 h À 1 in THF at 60 °C), [34b] PEG-stabilized RhNPs (TOF of 182 h À 1 in toluene at 80 °C), [12] 12CaO • 7Al 2 O 3 loaded with RuNPs (TOF 52 h À 1 at 80 °C), [14] AuNPs and AuPt bimetallic nanoalloy nanoparticles confined in SBA-15 (TOF of 20 h À 1 in water at 100 °C and 34 h À 1 in water at 25 °C), [10,17] PtRuNi/C (TOF of 329 h À 1 in toluene at 100 °C), [44] Ru clusters confined in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (TOF of 3 h À 1 in water at 80 °C), [45] PdNPs stabilised by carbon-metal covalent bonds (TOF of 6 h À 1 in water at room temperature), [46] AuNPs supported on TiO 2 (TOF of 29 h À 1 in toluene at 60 °C), [11] bimetallic CoRhNPs immobilised on an imidazolium-based ionic liquid phase (TOF of 4 h À 1 at 150 °C), [47] a RhNPs-Lewis acid ionic liquid catalyst (TOF of 6 h À 1 in [BIMIM][BF 4 ] at 80 °C), [48] PdRu@PVP (TOF of 2 h À 1 , solventless at 25 °C), [49] Ru nanoclusters supported on Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets (TOF of 21 h À 1 in ethanol/water at 55 °C), [50] RuNPs supported on nitrogen doped carbon (TOF of 20 h À 1 in ethanol at 30 °C), [51] and isolated single ruthenium atoms anchored on the amine modified MOF UiO-66-NH 2 (TOF of 25 h À 1 in THF at 100 °C). [52] While a significantly higher TOF of 3,400 h À 1 has been obtained for the hydrogenation of quinolin...…”