PT420 Toxic metals and metalloids in heart and other intraoperative and autopsy tissues of children with congenital heart diseases

Koval, O; Nagorna, N.V.; Igor, Mokryk; Dubova, G.

doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.2133

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…A major drawback of PT CCRs is that the wall-plug efficiency is significantly lower than that of GM-type, for the same cooling capacity. For example, the PT CCR model PT420 (Cryomech, Syracuse, NY, USA) requires a wall-plug power of 12.5 kW at 60 Hz [74], compared to 7.6 kW at 60 Hz for the GM-type model RDE-418D4 [75], both providing a cooling power of 2 W at 4.2 K. In addition, the cost of a PT CCR is significantly higher than that of a GM CCR with the same nominal cooling ca-pacity at 4.2 K.…”

Section: Type Of Cryocooler and Thermal Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a prototype superconducting radio-frequency cavity for conduction-cooled accelerators

Ciovati¹,

Anderson²,

Balachandran³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The higher efficiency of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities compared to normalconducting ones enables the development of high-energy continuous-wave linear accelerators (linacs). Recent progress in the development of high-quality Nb3Sn film coatings along with the availability of cryocoolers with high cooling capacity at 4 K makes it feasible to operate SRF cavities cooled by thermal conduction at relevant accelerating gradients for use in accelerators. A possible use of conduction-cooled SRF linacs is for environmental applications, requiring electron beams with energy of 1 − 10 MeV and 1 MW of power. We have designed a 915 MHz SRF linac for such an application and developed a prototype single-cell cavity to prove the proposed design by operating it with cryocoolers at the accelerating gradient required for 1 MeV energy gain. The cavity has a ∼ 3 µm thick Nb3Sn film on the inner surface, deposited on a ∼ 4 mm thick bulk Nb substrate and a bulk ∼ 7 mm thick Cu outer shell with three Cu attachment tabs. The cavity was tested up to a peak surface magnetic field of 53 mT in liquid He at 4.3 K. A horizontal test cryostat was designed and built to test the cavity cooled with three Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers. The rf tests of the conduction-cooled cavity, performed at General Atomics, achieved a peak surface magnetic field of 50 mT and stable operation was possible with up to 18.5 W of rf heat load. The peak-to-peak frequency shift due to microphonics was 26 Hz. These results represent the highest peak surface magnetic field achieved in a conduction-cooled SRF cavity to date and meet the requirements for a 1 MeV energy gain.

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Section: Type Of Cryocooler and Thermal Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%