Pt3Ti alloy formation on the Pt(111) surface

Ringler, Sandrine; Janin, E.; Boutonnet-Kizling, Magali; Göthelid, Mats

doi:10.1016/s0169-4332(00)00191-4

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The peak of Ti 2p3/2 of Ti(IV) shifts toward lower binding energy after coating Pt, and this may represent some interactions between Pt and Ti atoms. Some groups interpreted this as the formation of the intermetallic bond, whereas other authors mentioned that such a negative shift could be explained by the charge transfer between the two elements . Furthermore, for the sample of the Pt/Ti current collector, the peak at 454.1 eV that presents the Ti metal disappeared; considering that the peaks of Ti(IV) were still strong, this result may suggest the growth of Ti oxides on the surface that formed in the thermal decomposition process.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Design and Performance Investigation of a Carbon‐Free Pt/Ti Cathode with Low Membrane Degradation Rate for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser

Shi

Guo

et al. 2019

Energy Tech

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In a proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyser, Pt‐coated porous titanium plate always acts as the current collector both in the anode and cathode. However, the Pt particles on the Ti current collector cannot take part in the electrochemical reactions and thus lead to a lower utilization of the noble metal. In this work, the Pt‐coated Ti current collector is directly used as the cathode in the PEM water electrolyser instead of the conventional Pt/C electrode. To improve the performance, Nafion ionomer is coated on the Pt/Ti electrode to enlarge the electrochemical surface area (ECSA); the ECSA of the Pt/Ti electrode is increased by six times, and the utilization of Pt can be elevated to 45%. The voltage of the electrolyser with the Pt/Ti electrode is only 31 mV higher than the conventional Pt/C catalyst layer at 1 A cm−2. After stability tests, an obvious membrane thinning is observed using Pt/C as the cathode while the membrane of the electrolyser with the ionomer‐coated Pt/Ti cathode does not show a significant change in thickness. The F ion emission rate shows the membrane degradation rate is reduced by 15 times compared with the conventional Pt/C cathode.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Design and Performance Investigation of a Carbon‐Free Pt/Ti Cathode with Low Membrane Degradation Rate for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser

Shi

Guo

et al. 2019

Energy Tech

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“…Using the relative kinetic energies of the Pt and bulk-W 4f7/2 features (35.86 ± 0.01 and 55.85 ± 0.01 eV, respectively), the difference in photon energies (20 eV), and the bulk-W 4f7/2 BE of 31.41 ± 0.01 eV [44], we obtain a BE of 71.40 ± 0.02 eV for ML Pt/W(110). Using reported values of the bulk Pt BE [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] we ascertain a value of 70.94 ± 0.08 eV for the BE of bulk Pt, yielding a core-level shift of +0.46 ± 0.09 eV for the Pt monolayer. We do not observe any shift in the Pt BE that might be associated with the transformation from the ps to the cp phase.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 93%

Core-level shifts at the Pt/W(110) monolayer bimetallic interface

et al. 2009

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We have measured W and Pt 4f7/2 core-level photoemission spectra from interfaces formed by ultrathin Pt layers on W(110), completing our core-level measurements of W(110)-based bimetallic interfaces involving the group-10 metals Ni, Pd, and Pt. With increasing Pt coverage the sequence of W spectra can be described using three interfacial core-level peaks with binding-energy (BE) shifts (compared to the bulk) of −0.220 ± 0.015, −0.060 ± 0.015, and +0.110 ± 0.010 eV. We assign these features to 1D, 2D pseudomorphic (ps), and 2D closed-packed (cp) Pt phases, respectively. For ~1 ps ML the Pt 4f7/2 BE is 71.40 ± 0.02 eV, a shift of +0.46 ± 0.09 eV with respect to the BE of bulk Pt metal. The W 4f7/2 core-level shifts induced by all three adsorbates are semiquantitatively described by the Born-Haber-cycle based partial-shift model of Nilsson et al. [Phys. Rev. B 38 (1988) 10357]. As with Ni/W(110), the difference in W 4f7/2 binding energies between ps and cp Pt phases has a large structural contribution. The Pt 4f lineshape is consistent with a small density of states at the Fermi level, reflective of the Pt monolayer having noble-metal-like electronic structure.

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“…1b allows to distinguish a clear splitting of the half integer reflections: the (0,0.465) spot of the k-TiO x phase and a weaker (0,0.5) spot that could be attributed to the presence in some areas of the sample of a Pt-Ti surface alloy which is actually characterized by a p(2 Â 2) superstructure. 10 However, we do not have any further evidence to validate such an hypothesis, and it is not excluded that the observed splitting could be due to multiple scattering (as a matter of fact the LEED pattern may have a few percent non-linearity).…”

Section: Iii1 Room Temperature Ti Reactive Depositionmentioning

confidence: 80%

A LEEM/μ-LEED investigation of phase transformations in TiOx/Pt(111) ultrathin films

Agnoli

Menteş²,

Niño³

et al. 2009

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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A combined use of low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and microprobe LEED (micro-LEED) allows the in-situ observation of dynamical processes at the TiOx/Pt(111) interface. The transformations between different surface-stabilized phases are investigated in the case of room temperature TiOx reactive deposition with subsequent post-annealing. For a coverage of 0.6 MLeq, UHV annealing to 400 degrees C leads to the formation of the zigzag-like z-TiO1.33 layer. At higher temperatures a rotated z-TiO1.33 phase is observed, its lateral distribution being strongly influenced by surface morphology. Concurrently, the z-TiO1.33 layer partially transforms into a kagomé-like TiO1.5 structure. The resulting oxygen enrichment of the interface is interpreted by invoking Ti interdiffusion into the substrate. At a coverage of 0.45 MLeq, UHV annealing at 500 degrees C transforms the z-TiO1.33 layer into a different zigzag-like z'-TiO1.25 layer. Post-annealing in oxygen of the reduced phases or direct reactive deposition at high temperature both produce the rect-TiO2 stoichiometric phase, showing characteristic needle-like domains aligned according to the rect-TiO2 unit cell orientation.

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Pt3Ti alloy formation on the Pt(111) surface

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Design and Performance Investigation of a Carbon‐Free Pt/Ti Cathode with Low Membrane Degradation Rate for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser

Design and Performance Investigation of a Carbon‐Free Pt/Ti Cathode with Low Membrane Degradation Rate for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser

Core-level shifts at the Pt/W(110) monolayer bimetallic interface

A LEEM/μ-LEED investigation of phase transformations in TiOx/Pt(111) ultrathin films

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