“…At the suitable Ni content, Pt-based alloys possessed sufficient Pt sites for enhancing the kinetic of the methanol dehydrogenation step, thereby boosting the MOR activity. , What is more, the ratios between forward and backward current peaks (i.e., I f / I b ratio) of the Pt 70 Ru 30 /C, Pt 70 Ru 20 Ni 10 /C, Pt 60 Ru 20 Ni 20 /C, and Pt 50 Ru 20 Ni 30 /C catalysts were 1.39, 1.43, 1.57, and 1.49 (Table S2), reflecting the efficacious MOR and less poisoning intermediates produced in the backward potential scan by adding the Ni atom, leading to the enhanced anti-CO-tolerance of Pt-based ternary catalysts. ,, To consider the reaction kinetics of all studied MOR catalysts, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was carried out in the frequency range from 0.1 to 10 5 Hz at the 0.4 V RHE potential, as shown in Figure d. The corresponding equivalent circuit included solution resistance ( R s ), high-frequency constant phase element ( Q 1 ), charge-transfer resistance ( R ct ), and constant phase element related to adsorbed reaction intermediates ( Q 2 and R 0 ) . EIS Nyquist plots demonstrated that the Pt 60 Ru 20 Ni 20 /C catalyst exhibited the smallest diameter of the impedance arc among the investigated catalysts, meaning the Pt 60 Ru 20 Ni 20 /C had the lowest charge transfer resistance, resulting in the rapid charge transfer rate between the Pt 60 Ru 20 Ni 20 /C surface and methanol molecules during the MOR process.…”