Pt-Ni/WC Alloy Nanorods Arrays as ORR Catalyst for PEM Fuel Cells

Begum, Mahbuba; Yurukcu, Mesut; Yurtsever, Fatma M.; Ergul, Busra; Kariuki, Nancy N.; Myers, Deborah J.; Karabacak, Tansel

doi:10.1149/08008.0919ecst

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In Figure 8, cyclic voltammograms also show that stacked samples had less Ptoxide formation before and after cycling as compared to nonstacked core−shell Pt:Ni/WC nanorods of similar length. 39 RDE measurements were performed to obtain kinetic information on the ORR (Figure 9). Kinetic current (I k ) values were calculated using diffusion limiting current (I d ) and mixed current (I mixed ) from the RDE profiles using eq 3 (Koutacky−Levich equation).…”

Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacked and Core–Shell Pt:Ni/WC Nanorod Array Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Yurtsever

Yurukcu

Begum

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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In this study, we developed a stacked core−shell nanorod array electrocatalyst design to improve oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and catalyst stability for polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. For this purpose, we fabricated two-layer stacked nanorod arrays with each layer consisting of a tungsten carbide (WC) core and a platinum−nickel (Pt−Ni) alloy shell. WC nanorods were grown by a glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method. Then, WC nanorods were coated with a Pt−Ni shell conformally by a highpressure sputtering (HIPS) method. This process was repeated twice to form the second layer of the stack. We investigated three different Pt:Ni ratios including 3:7, 1:1, and 3:1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) methods were used for electrochemical characterization of the Pt:Ni/WC electrodes in a 0.1 M HClO 4 electrolyte solution. Morphological and crystallographic analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Pt mass loading values were measured using a quartz crystal microbalance. Electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) values change in the order of 3:7 > 1:1 > 3:1 in the Pt:Ni ratio. Specific activity (SA) and mass activity (MA) were higher for the 3:7 composition after accelerated stability tests were comparable to those of other compositions.

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Section: ■ Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stacked and Core–Shell Pt:Ni/WC Nanorod Array Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Yurtsever

Yurukcu

Begum

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…[45][46][47] Through controlling the roughness factor-that is the ratio of the active surface area to the geometric surface area, promoting single-crystal property, and optimizing FCC orientation, the electrochemical activity of PEM fuel cells can potentially be enhanced. [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] An additional cause for loss in efficiency in operating PEM FCs are cathode catalyst layers. The issue is that utilizing optimally the catalyst material accounts for a large fraction of the overall cost of the fuel cell system.…”

Section: Limitations Of Traditional Pem Fuel Cell Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, researchers are still working on designing a fuel cell with reduced use of Pt but decreased limitations and issues. [50][51][52]55 The Department of Energy (DOE) is the primary authority that outlines future goals for fuel cell development-especially PEM FCs. The DOE's targets for 2020 are, "14$/kWnet, 5000 hours of durability with cycling, 300 mA/cm 2 performance at 0.8 V, 1000 mW/cm 2 performance at rated power; 20$/m 2 cost, 0.125 mg/cm 2 , g/ kW electrode for [Pt] PEM total loading (both electrodes) less than 40% loss in mass activity.…”

Section: Limitations Of Traditional Pem Fuel Cell Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How to prepare Pt-group catalysts-especially Pt alloyed with other less precious metals-for optimal reactions has been a key focus of fuel cell research. 48,50,52 Thermal evaporation and thin-film sputtering depositions have been two traditional methods used to prepare supported nanostructure catalysts. These approaches have been liberally used in order to prepare metal catalysts on support materials.…”

Section: Limitations Of Traditional Pem Fuel Cell Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Core material is a support material for the core/shell nanorod structures. Begum M et al, 50 used tungsten carbide (WC) based nanorods instead of Ni base core structures. They fabricated WC nanorods as support and coated them with a Pt-Ni alloy shell denoted as Pt-Ni@WC catalyst.…”

Section: Limitations Of Traditional Pem Fuel Cell Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the core/shell nanostructure arrays on PEM fuel cells: a short review

Yurukcu¹,

Badradeen²,

Bilnoski³

et al. 2018

MSEIJ

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Fuel cell technology is one of the solutions which can play an important role in the environmentally friendly with more efficient, cleaner and quieter than traditional internal combustion engines. Among the fuel cells types polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells have many advantages regarding quick start-up time, less warm-up time high power density and high efficiency. There are still some limitations due to the cost of Pt-based catalysts. Platinum based catalysts are presently the most promising catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) in Fuel Cells. Homogenously distributed Pt nanoparticles on carbon support (Pt/C) nanoparticles are mostly using in conventional way to produce Fuel Cells. Pt-based electrocatalysts with higher activity and durability are needed for cost-competitive PEM Fuel Cells. It can be developed/improved further by using Platinum-based/alloy thin film core-shell nanostructures. For this reason, this article reviewed the significance and processing of such core/shell structures. The general information about Fuel Cells is given at the beginning of this review article. Later, type of the fuel cells along with more definition of the PEM Fuel Cells are described. The Pt shell on Ni, Cr, Pd, Ru, and WC core nanorods increase the stability and durability and decrease the cost based on the published works. This nanostructured design will significantly impact the fuel cell technology by improving catalysts. Specifically, by controlling size, composition, and surface-area-to-volume ratios, this review article describes the investigation of the core/shell nanostructured array catalysts. A few of the following examples of core/shell structures and supported catalysts proved electrocatalytic oxygen reduction.

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Tungsten Carbides

Shabalin

2022

Ultra-High Temperature Materials IV

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Pt-Ni/WC Alloy Nanorods Arrays as ORR Catalyst for PEM Fuel Cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Stacked and Core–Shell Pt:Ni/WC Nanorod Array Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Stacked and Core–Shell Pt:Ni/WC Nanorod Array Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

The effect of the core/shell nanostructure arrays on PEM fuel cells: a short review

Tungsten Carbides

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