Psychrophilic bacteria.

Morita, Richard Y.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.39.2.144-167.1975

Cited by 774 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Microorganisms grow over a wide range of temperatures from as low as −34°C to highest exceeding 100°C (Jay et al 2005). Based on temperature requirements, microorganisms can be categorised into three groups, namely: those that grow well at or below 7°C but optimally between 20°C and 30°C are classified as psychrotrophs; the mesophilic group grow well between 20 and 45°C with optimal growth between 30 and 40°C; and, those that grow well at and above 45°C with optima between 55 and 65°C are classified as thermophiles (Eddy 1960;Morita 1975;Jay 1987). Moulds are able to grow over the psychrotrophic temperatures.…”

Section: Microbiology Of Packagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Atmosphere Packaging Technology of Fresh and Fresh-cut Produce and the Microbial Consequences—A Review

Caleb

Mahajan

Al‐Said

et al. 2012

Food Bioprocess Technol

262

118

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Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technology offers the possibility to retard the respiration rate and extend the shelf life of fresh produce, and is increasingly used globally as value adding in the fresh and fresh-cut food industry. However, the outbreaks of foodborne diseases and emergence of resistant foodborne pathogens in MAP have heightened public interest on the effects of MAP technology on the survival and growth of pathogenic organisms. This paper critically reviews the effects of MAP on the microbiological safety of fresh or fresh-cut produce, including the role of innovative tools such as the use of pressurised inert/ noble gases, predictive microbiology and intelligent packaging in the advancement of MAP safety. The integration of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points-based programs to ensure fresh food quality and microbial safety in packaging technology is highlighted. a Review do not contain information on role of predictive microbiology b Review do not contain information on HACCP, good hygenic practice, GMP etc. c Review do not contain information on systemic MAP-i.e. modelling respiration and package permeability Food Bioprocess Technol (2013) 6:303-329 305 5, 10 and 15 Arrhenius-type Caleb et al. (2012a) ANN Artificial neural network, MMC Michaelis-Menten competitive inhibition, MMUC Michaelis-Menten uncompetitive inhibition, UCI uncompetive inhibition, MMNC Michaelis-Menten noncompetitive inhibition Food Bioprocess Technol (2013) 6:303-329 307

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Section: Microbiology Of Packagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Atmosphere Packaging Technology of Fresh and Fresh-cut Produce and the Microbial Consequences—A Review

Caleb

Mahajan

Al‐Said

et al. 2012

Food Bioprocess Technol

262

118

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“…While genomic sequences and structural differences may also distinguish these two populations, we assign the operational description of communities based on the observed optimal temperature of productivity. Within collection habitat, bacteria incubated at 2°C had an average 69% similarity to those incubated at 12°C and Temperature ( o C) Temperature controls on aquatic bacterial communities 1321 a slightly lower average similarity (58%) to those incubated at 25°C, while the 12°C and 25°C incubations had an average 61% similarity at the end of experiment C. Based on Morita's (1975) (Table 3). Path analysis of discharge, temperature and BP at Toolik Inlet (P < 0.001 for the entire model) for 2003-2006 showed a standardized correlation coefficient of 0.45 (P < 0.001) for stream discharge (natural log transformed) on BP and of 0.25 (P = 0.053) for water temperature on BP.…”

Section: Temperature Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial response to temperature can go beyond a general metabolic effect and can be population or community specific. Psychrophiles grow optimally at temperatures < 15°C, with an upper cardinal temperature of 20°C (Morita, 1975), and are found in a wide range of environments such as the coastal Arctic Ocean (Connelly et al, 2006), sea ice (Kottmeier and Sullivan, 1988;Huston et al, 2000) and Antarctic saline lakes (McMeekin and Franzmann, 1988). Psychrotolerant bacteria are also found in cold habitats, but have higher optimal growth temperatures (~20°C) and can withstand temperatures as low as -10°C (Bowman et al, 1997;Bakermans et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature controls on aquatic bacterial production and community dynamics in arctic lakes and streams

Adams

Crump

Kling

2010

Environmental Microbiology

137

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The impact of temperature on bacterial activity and community composition was investigated in arctic lakes and streams in northern Alaska. Aquatic bacterial communities incubated at different temperatures had different rates of production, as measured by (14)C-leucine uptake, indicating that populations within the communities had different temperature optima. Samples from Toolik Lake inlet and outlet were collected at water temperatures of 14.2 degrees C and 15.9 degrees C, respectively, and subsamples incubated at temperatures ranging from 6 degrees C to 20 degrees C. After 5 days, productivity rates varied from 0.5 to approximately 13.7 microg C l(-1) day(-1) and two distinct activity optima appeared at 12 degrees C and 20 degrees C. At these optima, activity was 2- to 11-fold higher than at other incubation temperatures. The presence of two temperature optima indicates psychrophilic and psychrotolerant bacteria dominate under different conditions. Community fingerprinting via denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA genes showed strong shifts in the composition of communities driven more by temperature than by differences in dissolved organic matter source; e.g. four and seven unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found only at 2 degrees C and 25 degrees C, respectively, and not found at other incubation temperatures after 5 days. The impact of temperature on bacteria is complex, influencing both bacterial productivity and community composition. Path analysis of measurements of 24 streams and lakes sampled across a catchment 12 times in 4 years indicates variable timing and strength of correlation between temperature and bacterial production, possibly due to bacterial community differences between sites. As indicated by both field and laboratory experiments, shifts in dominant community members can occur on ecologically relevant time scales (days), and have important implications for understanding the relationship of bacterial diversity and function.

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“…Interestingly, the T m of the psychrophilic tRNA (~77 • C) did not differ significantly from the T m of E. coli tRNA (75 • C), suggesting that D contributes to local rather than global flexibility [95,96]. Compared with psychrophiles, psychrotolerant organisms undergo optimal growth at temperatures above 15 • C; however, these organisms are viable at lower temperatures as well [94]. The first study of tRNA modifications in psychrotolerant Archaea centered on Methanococcoides burtonii [45].…”

Section: Dihydrouridinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of D within tRNA is especially advantageous for psychrophiles, organisms that optimally grow at temperatures lower than 15 • C and cannot grow at temperatures above 20 • C [94]. At these low temperatures, psychrophiles require modifications, such as dihydrouridine, that enhance tRNA flexibility.…”

Section: Dihydrouridinementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Conformational Diversity of Modified Nucleosides Affects tRNA Structure and Function

et al. 2017

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RNAs are central to all gene expression through the control of protein synthesis. Four major nucleosides, adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine, compose RNAs and provide sequence variation, but are limited in contributions to structural variation as well as distinct chemical properties. The ability of RNAs to play multiple roles in cellular metabolism is made possible by extensive variation in length, conformational dynamics, and the over 100 post-transcriptional modifications. There are several reviews of the biochemical pathways leading to RNA modification, but the physicochemical nature of modified nucleosides and how they facilitate RNA function is of keen interest, particularly with regard to the contributions of modified nucleosides. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are the most extensively modified RNAs. The diversity of modifications provide versatility to the chemical and structural environments. The added chemistry, conformation and dynamics of modified nucleosides occurring at the termini of stems in tRNA’s cloverleaf secondary structure affect the global three-dimensional conformation, produce unique recognition determinants for macromolecules to recognize tRNAs, and affect the accurate and efficient decoding ability of tRNAs. This review will discuss the impact of specific chemical moieties on the structure, stability, electrochemical properties, and function of tRNAs.

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Psychrophilic bacteria.

Cited by 774 publications

References 73 publications

Modified Atmosphere Packaging Technology of Fresh and Fresh-cut Produce and the Microbial Consequences—A Review

Modified Atmosphere Packaging Technology of Fresh and Fresh-cut Produce and the Microbial Consequences—A Review

Temperature controls on aquatic bacterial production and community dynamics in arctic lakes and streams

Chemical and Conformational Diversity of Modified Nucleosides Affects tRNA Structure and Function

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