Psychrobacter salsus sp. nov. and Psychrobacter adeliensis sp. nov. Isolated from Fast Ice from Adelie Land, Antarctica

Shivaji, Sisinthy; Reddy, G. S. N.; Raghavan, Palayakotai; Sarita, N. B.; Delille, Daniel

doi:10.1078/0723202042369956

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Members of the genus Psychrobacter have been reported to be frequently observed psychrophiles in many Antarctic environments. Many Psychrobacter species, including P. urativorans, P. frigidicola, P. glacincola, P. fozii, P. luti, P. salsus, P. adeliensis, P. vallis, and P. aquaticus, have been isolated from a wide range of Antarctic environments, sea ice, seawater, ornitogenic soil, ponds, or cyanobacterial mat samples 5,6,13,36,37) . Phenotypically, novel sea ice strains appeared to be characteristic of known Psychrobacter species but differed in growth temperatures, salinity range for growth, and substrate utilization patterns.…”

Section: Isolation and Identification Of Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Antagonistic Activity of Sea Ice Bacteria Isolated from the Sea of Japan

et al. 2008

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The aim of the study was to survey cultivable heterotrophic bacteria from sea ice samples collected from Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan, and to test the isolates for antagonistic activity. A total of 195 strains were isolated and investigated by a phenotypic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of thirty eight strains revealed primarily representatives of the class Gammaproteobacteria, phylum Bacteroidetes, and phylum Actinobacteria. Members of the class Alphaproteobacteria were a minor component. Most strains shared 98-99% sequence similarity to recognized species, including those recovered previously from Antarctic or Arctic sea ice or polar environments, Shewanella frigidimarina, Psychrobacter urativorans, Psychrobacter glacincola, Psychrobacter fozii, Pseudomonas veronii, or Pseudomonas proteolytica. At least seven bacterial groups may represent novel species within known genera. Five isolates have been previously described as the novel species Marinomonas primoryensis and Psychrobacter maritimus. Antagonistic activity assays revealed a number of strains-antagonists of the Pseudomonas fluorescens group, Bacillus and Nocardioides displaying remarkable antifungal and antibacterial activities. For the first time our findings show that sea ice offshore in the Sea of Japan represents an untapped source of bacterial biodiversity and microorganisms capable of antibacterial and antifungal metabolite production.

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Section: Isolation and Identification Of Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Antagonistic Activity of Sea Ice Bacteria Isolated from the Sea of Japan

et al. 2008

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“…The G+C content of the DNA was determined according to the spectrophotometric method (Shivaji et al, 1989(Shivaji et al, , 2004. Isoprenoid quinones were extracted following the protocol described by Collins et al (1977), separated using HPLC and identified as described by Reddy et al (2003).…”

Section: Strain Dvs 3ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exiguobacterium soli sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium from the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Chaturvedi

Prabahar

Manorama

et al. 2008

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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“…Most isolates from Arctic and Antarctic permafrost are psychrotrophic rather than psychrophilic, although mesophiles and even a limited number of thermophiles have been detected (167). The growing library of the Arctic permafrost isolates includes organisms belonging to nine bacterial classes and more than 35 genera (61,75,104,145,146,154,166,173,174 (158,167), although the genera Exiguobacterium (54) and Psychrobacter (18,156,157), among others, were also found.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coping with Our Cold Planet

Rodrigues

Tiedje

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

163

116

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Of all the natural stress conditions on our planet and in our solar system, cold is arguably the most widespread, at least from the perspective of mesophilic and thermophilic organisms. For instance, 90% of the Earth's oceans have a temperature of 5°C or less. When terrestrial habitats are included, over 80% of the Earth's biosphere is permanently cold (149). Among terrestrial environments, 85% of Alaska, 55% of Russia and Canada, 20% of China, and the majority of Antarctica are permanently cold (136). Furthermore, six of the other eight planets of our solar system are permanently cold, and hence understanding life's adaptations to cold environments on our planet should be useful in the search for and understanding of life on other planets. Indeed, the current debate about whether life exists in Lake Vostok or on other planets is rooted in understanding what we know about microbial life in cold environments (83; C. Zimmer, New York Times, 6 July 2007).Since water is the major constituent of life, the manner in which its physical properties depend on temperature is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms that govern cold tolerance and acclimation. A number of Earth's microorganisms have the ability to cope with low temperatures, which makes them among Earth's most successful colonizers (62,63). In this review we summarize how physical properties of water at cold temperatures affect the physiology of microorganisms and we focus on the molecular mechanisms revealed by recent biochemical and genetic studies that shed light on microbial adaptations to cold.Effects of cold on physical properties of water and on biochemical reactions. Properties of water have a profound influence on the physical and chemical processes that are essential for life (51). Water is the only chemical compound that occurs naturally in solid, liquid, and vapor phases and the only naturally occurring inorganic liquid on Earth (51). The water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The HOH angle is 104.5 o , and the intramolecular OH distance is 0.957 Å (37). A strong, directional attraction occurs between an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom belonging to a different water molecule, i.e., a hydrogen bond (168). At temperatures below 4°C, hydrogen bonds force energy and volume, as well as entropy and volume, to be negatively correlated, while the correlations are positive for most liquids. The negative correlation between entropy and volume is a consequence of the formation of an open hydrogen-bound network in which a decrease in orientation entropy is accompanied by an increase in volume (37). This tendency of water molecules to attract each other strongly through hydrogen bonds is responsible for the unusual properties of water (37).In a subzero environment, water can be supercooled or frozen (52). Supercooling is not accompanied by changes in the concentrations of water-soluble substances, except in rare cases where such substances might be present at near-saturation concentrations at normal temperatures and precipitate ...

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Psychrobacter salsus sp. nov. and Psychrobacter adeliensis sp. nov. Isolated from Fast Ice from Adelie Land, Antarctica

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Diversity and Antagonistic Activity of Sea Ice Bacteria Isolated from the Sea of Japan

Diversity and Antagonistic Activity of Sea Ice Bacteria Isolated from the Sea of Japan

Exiguobacterium soli sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium from the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Coping with Our Cold Planet

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