Psychrobacter pygoscelis sp. nov. isolated from the penguin Pygoscelis papua

Kämpfer, Peter; Glaeser, Stefanie P.; Irgang, Rute; Fernández-Negrete, Guillermo; Poblete‐Morales, Matías; Fuentes, Derie E.; Martín, Marcelo Cortez San; Avendaño‐Herrera, Rubén

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003739

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, the role of Campylobacter in the gut of Cape fur seals remains unclear. The members of the Psychrobacter , another common genus, can be found in different marine environments and marine creatures, such as Arctic fjord ( Zeng et al, 2015 ), Arctic glacier ( Zeng et al, 2016 ), deep sea ( Evans-Yamamoto et al, 2019 ), penguins ( Kämpfer et al, 2020 ), corals ( Zachariah et al, 2016 ), and marine crustaceans ( Romanenko et al, 2009 ). In this and previous studies, the genus Psychrobacter was dominant in the gut of Cape fur seals and the skin of Antarctic fur seal ( Arctocephalus gazella ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Gut Microbiota Among Four Different Marine Mammals in an Aquarium

Bai

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Despite an increasing appreciation in the importance of host–microbe interactions in ecological and evolutionary processes, information on the gut microbial communities of some marine mammals is still lacking. Moreover, whether diet, environment, or host phylogeny has the greatest impact on microbial community structure is still unknown. To fill part of this knowledge gap, we exploited a natural experiment provided by an aquarium with belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) affiliated with family Monodontidae, Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) and common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) affiliated with family Delphinidae, and Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) affiliated with family Otariidae. Results show significant differences in microbial community composition of whales, dolphins, and fur seals and indicate that host phylogeny (family level) plays the most important role in shaping the microbial communities, rather than food and environment. In general, the gut microbial communities of dolphins had significantly lower diversity compared to that of whales and fur seals. Overall, the gut microbial communities were mainly composed of Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria, together with some from Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, and Epsilonbacteraeota. However, specific bacterial lineages were differentially distributed among the marine mammal groups. For instance, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Peptostreptococcaceae were the dominant bacterial lineages in the gut of belugas, while for Cape fur seals, Moraxellaceae and Bacteroidaceae were the main bacterial lineages. Moreover, gut microbial communities in both Pacific white-sided dolphins and common bottlenose dolphins were dominated by a number of pathogenic bacteria, including Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio fluvialis, and Morganella morganii, reflecting the poor health condition of these animals. Although there is a growing recognition of the role microorganisms play in the gut of marine mammals, current knowledge about these microbial communities is still severely lacking. Large-scale research studies should be undertaken to reveal the roles played by the gut microbiota of different marine mammal species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Gut Microbiota Among Four Different Marine Mammals in an Aquarium

Bai

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Here, we investigated the evolutionary history of the genus Psychrobacter, a group of closely related bacteria with a broad environmental distribution. Species of Psychrobacter have been recovered through culture-based and sequenced-based methods from a range of animal microbiomes, including marine mammal skin [19], respiratory blow [20], and guts [21][22][23]; the gastrointestinal tracts of birds [24,25] and fish [26]; and many nonhost environments such as sea water [27], sea ice [28], marine sediment [29], glacial ice [30], and permafrost soil [31]. Some Psychrobacter species are capable of causing disease in mammalian hosts [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-living psychrophilic bacteria of the genus Psychrobacter are descendants of pathobionts

Welter

Ruaud

Henseler

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Host-adapted microbiota are generally thought to have evolved from free-living ancestors. This process is in principle reversible, but examples are few. The genus Psychrobacter (family Moraxellaceae, phylum Gamma-Proteobacteria) includes species inhabiting diverse and mostly polar environments, such as sea ice and marine animals. To probe the evolutionary history of Psychrobacter, we analyzed 85 Psychrobacter strains by comparative genomics and phenotyping under 24 different growth conditions. Genome-based phylogeny shows Psychrobacter are derived from Moraxella, which are warm-adapted pathobionts. Psychrobacter strains form two ecotypes based on growth temperature: flexible (FE, growth at 4 - 37C), and restricted (RE, 4 - 25C). FE strains, which can be either phylogenetically basal or derived, have smaller genomes and higher transposon copy numbers. RE strains have larger genomes, and show genomic adaptations towards a psychrophilic lifestyle and are phylogenetically derived only. We then assessed Psychrobacter abundance in 86 mostly wild polar bear stools and tested persistence of select strains in germfree mice. Psychrobacter (both FE and RE) was enriched in stool of polar bears feeding on mammals, but only FE strains persisted in germfree mice. Together these results indicate growth at 37°C is ancestral in Psychrobacter, lost in many derived species, and likely necessary to colonize the mammalian gut.

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“…The nucleotide sequences from 16S and 23S rRNA genes of PraFG1 T were aligned with the corresponding sequences available in GenBank deriving from type strains or unambiguously identified organisms belonging to the genus Psychrobacter and with the corresponding sequences from Moraxella lacunata , type species of the genus Moraxella [24], used as outgroups (Table S1). Additional phylogenetic analysis was performed on the nucleotide sequence of the beta subunit of the gyrase gene ( gyrB ), which is commonly considered a phylogenetic marker for the genus Psychrobacter [25]. The region was amplified as previously described [26] and sequenced by the Sanger method.…”

Section: S 23s and Gyrb Phylogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychrobacter raelei sp. nov., isolated from a dog with peritonitis

Manzulli,

Schiavone,

Castellana

et al. 2024

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A strain belonging to the genus Psychrobacter, named PraFG1T, was isolated from the peritoneal effusion of a stray dog during necropsy procedures. The strain was characterized by the phylogenetic analyses based on the nucleotide sequences of 16S and 23S rRNA genes and of gyrB, which placed the strain in the genus Psychrobacter. The nucleotide sequence of the chromosome confirmed the placement, showing an average nucleotide identity of 72.1, 77.7, and 77.5 % with the closest related species, namely Psychrobacter sanguinis, Psychrobacter piechaudii, and Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus, respectively, thus indicating a novel species. The polyphasic characterization by biochemical and fatty acid profiling as well as MALDI-TOF supported those findings. The strain was halotolerant, capable of growing within a temperature range between 4 and 37 °C, it was positive for catalase and oxidase, indole producing, nitrate reducing, and not able to use 5-keto-d-gluconic acid as a carbon source. Taken together, the data suggest that strain PraFG1T could be considered as representing a novel species, with the name Psychrobacter raelei sp. nov. (type strain PraFG1T=CIP 111873T=LMG 32233T).

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Psychrobacter pygoscelis sp. nov. isolated from the penguin Pygoscelis papua

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Comparative Study of the Gut Microbiota Among Four Different Marine Mammals in an Aquarium

Comparative Study of the Gut Microbiota Among Four Different Marine Mammals in an Aquarium

Free-living psychrophilic bacteria of the genus Psychrobacter are descendants of pathobionts

Psychrobacter raelei sp. nov., isolated from a dog with peritonitis

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