Psychotic-like experiences and correlation with childhood trauma and other socio-demographic factors: A cross-sectional survey in adolescence and early adulthood in China

Sun, Meng; Zhang, Wen; Guo, Rui; Hu, Aimin; Li, Yihui; Mwansisya, Tumbwene E.; Zhou, Li; Liu, Chang; Chen, Xudong; Tao, Hongwei; Huang, Xiaojun; Zhang, Xue; Chiu, Helen Fung Kum; Liu, Zhening

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.059

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Screening positive on the PSQ in the 2014 APMS was associated with several factors including ethnic minority status, younger age, drug and alcohol use, trauma, lower social class, and psychiatric diagnoses. This is consistent with previous literature (Bourgin et al, 2019, Sun et al, 2017, Scott et al, 2005, Gibson et al, 2016.…”

Section: Main Findingssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…There was no association of psychotic symptoms with gender, which was unexpected, given psychotic illness is generally considered to be more prevalent in men (Castillejos et al, 2018). These findings lend some weight to the argument that psychotic symptoms might represent a different phenomenon to psychotic symptoms seen in illnesses such as schizophrenia in a substantial proportion of survey participants (Zammit et al, 2008) , though it is clear that there is marked overlap in the correlates too (Sun et al, 2017, Gibson et al, 2016, Scott et al, 2005.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Psychotic symptoms have been found to be associated with younger age, migrant status, lower socioeconomic status, trauma, and drug and alcohol use (Bourgin et al, 2019, Scott et al, 2005, Sun et al, 2017, Gibson et al, 2016, though not with a family history of schizophrenia (Zammit et al, 2008). They are frequently comorbid with other psychiatric problems, including depression, anxiety, and non-suicidal self-injury (Bourgin et al, 2019, Koyanagi et al, 2015, Saha et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal trends in psychotic symptoms: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of the population in England 2000–14

Shoham

Cooper

Lewis

et al. 2021

Schizophrenia Research

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Background:The number of antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed annually in England has increased substantially over the past decade. It is not known whether this is due to changes in prescribing practices, or an increase in the prevalence of psychosis. To our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated temporal trends in prevalence of psychotic symptoms in non-clinical populations. Methods: We used data from the nationally representative Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys 2000, 2007 and 2014 to (1) test whether the prevalence of psychotic symptoms increased between 2000 and 2014; (2) compare prevalence of psychotic symptoms to the prevalence of being prescribed antipsychotic medication; and (3) identify correlates of experiencing psychotic symptoms.Results: There was a small increase in the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in 2014 compared to 2000 (Prevalence in 2000 5.6%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 5.1% to 6.2%; prevalence in 2014 6.8%, 95% CI 6.1% -7.6%). This corresponded to an adjusted odds ratio of 1.2 (95% CI 1.02 -1.40, p=0.026) for experiencing psychotic symptoms in 2014 compared to 2007. By comparison, antipsychotic medication use doubled over this period (Prevalence in 2000 0.6%, 95% CI 0.4% -0.7%; prevalence in 2014 1.2% 95% CI 0.9% -1.5%; aOR 2.22 (1.52-3.25) p<0.001). Correlates of reporting psychotic symptoms included ethnic minority identity, younger age, lower social class, alcohol and cannabis use, and any psychiatric diagnosis.Conclusions: While the rates of antipsychotic prescription doubled between 2000 and 2014, the odds of having psychotic symptoms rose only slightly. The reasons for this warrant further investigation.

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Section: Main Findingssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal trends in psychotic symptoms: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of the population in England 2000–14

Shoham

Cooper

Lewis

et al. 2021

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Moreover, it has been reported that individuals exposed to childhood trauma (especially emotional or sexual abuse) are more likely to experience PLEs [ 20 ]. Moreover, early life traumatic experiences increase the prevalence of PLEs in young adults [ 21 ], some of whom may even experience frequent hallucinatory and delusional experiences [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms on the Relationship between Traumatic Life Events and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Non-Clinical Adults

et al. 2021

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Common variations of the FKBP5 gene are implicated in psychotic disorders, by modulating the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis reactivity to stress. It has been demonstrated that some of them might moderate the effects of childhood trauma on psychosis proneness. However, these associations have not been investigated with respect to traumatic life events (TLEs). Therefore, we aimed to explore whether the FKBP5 polymorphisms moderate the effects of TLEs on the level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). A total of 535 non-clinical adults were approached for participation, and genotyping of six FKBP5 polymorphisms (rs3800373, rs9470080, rs4713902, rs737054, rs1360780 and rs9296158) was performed. The Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) and the Traumatic Events Checklist (TEC) were administered to assess PLEs and TLEs, respectively. Among the rs1360780 CC homozygotes, a history of physical abuse was associated with significantly higher PQ-16 scores. This difference was not significant in the rs1360780 T allele carriers. Similarly, a history of physical abuse was associated with significantly higher PQ-16 scores in the rs9296158 GG homozygotes but not in the rs9296158 A allele carriers. Finally, emotional neglect was related to significantly higher PQ-16 scores in the rs737054 T allele carriers but not in the rs737054 CC homozygotes. The present study indicates that variation in the FKBP5 gene might moderate the effects of lifetime traumatic events on psychosis proneness.

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“…The "dose-response" perspective claims that as psychiatric distress is a response to stressful experiences, the level of distress increases with the severity or the number of adverse exposures (Bebbington, 2009). However, results comparison between studies is difficult because of the different methodological aspects: age, gender, time period (Sun et al, 2017) or cultural background (Lee et al, 2011). For instance, emotional abuse, a phenomenon widely tolerated in Chinese society, appeared to increase the likelihood of PLEs in children and adolescents, which highlighted the importance of interventions aimed at reducing parental emotional abuse and academic pressure, or furthermore, improving interpersonal skills and resolving interpersonal difficulties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

Tang

Yang

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are common in adolescents who have experienced or are experiencing trauma. However, the potential relationships between exposure to a major earthquake, negative life events or maltreatment and PLEs in Chinese adolescents are poorly understood. Therefore, this study explored the prevalence of PLEs and the psychosocial correlates in adolescent earthquake survivors.Methods: A total of 6132 adolescents from 11 primary and high schools in the areas most severely affected by the Ya'an earthquake completed questionnaires on earthquake exposure, maltreatment, negative life events and PLEs, which included paranoid ideation and psychoticism.Results: It was found that earthquake exposure significantly contributed to the PLEs, child maltreatment explained a significant amount of the PLE variances, emotional abuse had the most important PLE role and negative life events also explained a large amount of the PLE variances, of which interpersonal difficulties and academic pressure had the greatest effects.Conclusions: Interventions should seek to reduce parental emotional abuse, reduce academic performance pressure, improve interpersonal skills and resolve interpersonal difficulties, and specific interventions should target children and adolescents exposed to the earthquake to prevent PLEs, schizophrenia or other mental illnesses arising from multiple traumas.

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Psychotic-like experiences and correlation with childhood trauma and other socio-demographic factors: A cross-sectional survey in adolescence and early adulthood in China

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

Temporal trends in psychotic symptoms: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of the population in England 2000–14

Temporal trends in psychotic symptoms: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of the population in England 2000–14

The Impact of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms on the Relationship between Traumatic Life Events and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Non-Clinical Adults

Psychotic‐like experiences in Chinese children and adolescents: The effect of earthquake exposure, maltreatment and negative life events

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