Psychotic-like experiences and associated socio-demographic factors among adolescents in China

Sun, Meng; Hu, Xing; Zhang, Wen; Guo, Rui; Hu, Aimin; Mwansisya, Tumbwene E.; Zhou, Li; Liu, Chang; Chen, Xudong; Huang, Xiaojun; Shi, Junren; Chiu, Helen F.K.; Liu, Zhening

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.05.031

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Studies performed in other countries found more heterogeneous results (Dolphin et al ., 2015; Keraite et al ., 2016), raising questions about the representativeness of our conclusions. However, more recent studies performed in other countries, such as France, China, and Turkey, showed concordant results with the current meta-analysis (Binbay et al ., 2012; Sun et al ., 2015; Pignon et al ., 2017). Third, most of the included studies were cross-sectional, reducing the level of evidence of our conclusions and the ability to make causal inferences (Keraite et al ., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic minority position and migrant status as risk factors for psychotic symptoms in the general population: a meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Psychotic symptoms (PS) are experienced by a substantial proportion of the general population. When not reaching a threshold of clinical relevance, these symptoms are defined as psychotic experiences (PEs) and may exist on a continuum with psychotic disorders. Unfavorable socio-environmental conditions, such as ethnic minority position (EMP) and migrant status (MS), may increase the risk of developing PS and PEs. We conducted an electronic systematic review and a meta-analysis assessing the role of EMP and MS for the development and persistence of PS in the general population. Sub-group analyses were performed investigating the influence of ethnic groups, host countries, age, types of PS, and scales. Twenty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. EMP was a relevant risk factor for reporting PS [odds ratio (OR) 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-1.70) and PEs (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.16-1.60). The greatest risk was observed in people from the Maghreb and the Middle East ethnic groups in Europe (OR 3.30, 95% CI 2.09-5.21), in Hispanic in the USA (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.43-2.73), and in the Black populations (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.39-2.47). We found a significant association between MS and delusional symptoms (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.33-1.62). We found no association between EMP and persistence of PEs.EMP was associated with increased risk of reporting PS and PEs, and the risk was higher in ethnic groups facing deprivation and discrimination. We found an association between MS and delusional symptoms. These results raise questions about the precise role of socio-environmental factors along the psychosis continuum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic minority position and migrant status as risk factors for psychotic symptoms in the general population: a meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“… 32 Our findings support emerging evidence that PEs may be highly prevalent among young Chinese men. 39 This may be due to the relatively young age of our sample, given the robust peak in psychotic disorder for men at this age. 40 We discourage comparisons of our findings with other international prevalence estimates 30 because few studies have used comparable designs, sampling strategies or instruments to assess PEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“… 41 The high 12-month prevalence of any PE reported in our sample coincided with rapid urbanization, and we cannot refute the possibility that dramatic social processes contributed to the substantial prevalence of PEs seen here and elsewhere in Chinese youth. 39 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Birth, Urban Living, and Work Migrancy: Differential Effects on Psychotic Experiences Among Young Chinese Men

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Kallis

et al. 2017

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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BackgroundUrban birth and urban living are associated with increased risk of schizophrenia but less is known about effects on more common psychotic experiences (PEs). China has undergone the most rapid urbanization of any country which may have affected the population-level expression of psychosis. We therefore investigated effects of urbanicity, work migrancy, and residential stability on prevalence and severity of PEs.MethodsPopulation-based, 2-wave household survey of psychiatric morbidity and health-related behavior among 4132 men, 18–34 years of age living in urban and rural Greater Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. PEs were measured using the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire.Results1261 (31%) of young men experienced at least 1 PE. Lower levels of PEs were not associated with urbanicity, work migrancy or residential stability. Urban birth was associated with reporting 3 or more PEs (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.25–2.11), after multivariable adjustment, with further evidence (P = .01) this effect was restricted to those currently living in urban environments (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.16–2.72). Men experiencing a maximum of 5 PEs were over 8 times more likely to have been born in an urban area (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 8.81; 95% CI 1.50–51.79).ConclusionsMen in Chengdu, China, experience a high prevalence of PEs. This may be explained by rapid urbanization and residential instability. Urban birth was specifically associated with high, but not lower, severity levels of PEs, particularly amongst those currently living in urban environments. This suggests that early and sustained environmental exposures may be associated with more severe phenotypes.

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“…For instance, Yung et al (2009), using a sample of 875 Australian adolescents, found that around 28 % of the assessed participants reported hearing voices sometimes, while 1.9 % of the sample reported some PLEs "always" or "nearly always. " Sun et al (2015), using a large sample of 5,427 Chinese adolescents, found that 95.7 % of the sample reported more than one episode of PLEs, while 17.2 % of the sample reported having "nearly always" PLEs. In another study, Fonseca-Pedrero et al 2011, in a representative and random sample of 1,438 Spanish adolescents, found that 43 % of the participants reported some PLEs belonging to magical thinking, ideas of reference, suspiciousness, or hallucination experiences.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Psychotic-like Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%