Psychotherapy of depression research at a crossroads: Directions for the 1990s

Beckham, Ernest Edward

doi:10.1016/0272-7358(90)90058-i

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Beckham [24] recently stated in a review of depression outcome research that clear evidence of a treatment's comparative efficacy is more likely to emerge at follow-up than at treatment termination and that "returning persons to a premorbid state is likely to be a very different process from inoculating persons against future depression" (p2 13). Barber and DeRubeis [25] reviewed several recent reports of lower relapse rates following depression treatments that incorporated cognitive-behaviour therapy rather than pharmacological treatment alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive Cognitive-Behaviour Group Therapy for Diagnostically Heterogeneous Groups of Patients with Psychiatric Disorder

Manning

Hooke

Tannenbaum

et al. 1994

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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This uncontrolled study evaluates the efficacy of a combined treatment of medications (for the majority of patients) and a closed group, intensive (two-week) cognitive-behaviour therapy programme for heterogeneous groups of psychiatric patients. Five hundred and thirty-one patients at a private psychiatric clinic were included in the study. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety, self-esteem and "locus of control" were administered before and after treatment and at intervals up to one year later. Statistically and clinically significant improvements were found in all measures and these improvements were maintained up to one year. The results provide support for the efficacy of the treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive Cognitive-Behaviour Group Therapy for Diagnostically Heterogeneous Groups of Patients with Psychiatric Disorder

Manning

Hooke

Tannenbaum

et al. 1994

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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“…Die Ergebnisse der 6-Monatskatamnese unserer Evaluationsstudie sind ebenfalls vielversprechend, wenn auch der Katamnesezeitraum für weiterführende Aussagen sicherlich noch zu kurz ist. [Rush und Watkins, 1981;Wierzbicki und Bartlett, 1987], werden in neueren Untersuchungen mit Gruppentherapieverfahren ähnliche Ergebnisse erzielt wie in Studien mit Einzeltherapie [Fiedler, 1996;Wahl, 1994] [Beckham, 1990]. Diese Forderung ist auch deshalb zu stellen, da -neben einer erfolgreichen Akutbehandlung -die Vermeidung von Rückfällen und Wiedererkrankungen immer mehr als zentrales Erfolgskriterium gesehen wird.…”

Section: Ergebnisse Der Evaluationsstudieunclassified

Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie in und mit Gruppen – Ein Behandlungsprogramm für depressive Patienten in stationärer Behandlung

Backenstraß¹,

Kronmüller²,

Schwarz³

et al. 2001

Verhaltenstherapie

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Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy with and within Groups – A Treatment Program for Depressed Inpatients Background: Extensive research of cognitive behavioral therapy shows that it is an effective treatment for unipolar major depression. As the setting (e.g. inpatient vs. outpatient treatment) can influence therapeutic outcome, it is argued that modifications on treatment programs should take such settings into account. The modified treatment programs should then be evaluated within these settings. Based on these arguments, a group psychotherapy program was set up combining disorder-specific components (increasing pleasant activities and modification of dysfunctional thoughts) with a group psychotherapy approach that is more open regarding individual treatment goals. Method: The treatment program was evaluated within a naturalistic single group design. Patients who were hospitalized for unipolar major depression and took part on a therapy group were assessed pre- and post-therapy and at a 6-months follow- up. Results: 71 inpatients participated in 9 therapy groups and completed the program. Only a small number of patients (13.3%) dropped out before the end of treatment, which was interpreted as a high acceptance. The pre-post changes in degree of depressiveness (BDI, HAMD) and the 6-month follow-up results were similar to those of other controlled studies. Discussion: The advantages and disadvantages of a group psychotherapy approach are discussed, together with the limitations of the study.

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“…The IPT process has been shown to overlap very little with cognitive psychotherapeutic methods [60]; however, significant differences do not appear in their relative effects on outcome [51]. In a report on the efficacy of IPT as a maintenance treatment for recurrent depression, the process of therapy was also studied through ratings of audio-taped sessions with the guidance of a Therapy Rating Scale, which rated, for example, the therapist's exploration of the patient's social network with respect to a particular problem experienced by the patient (such as depression) [61].…”

Section: Psychosocial Interventions and Clinical Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some contributors to the empiric psychotherapy and social treatment evaluation literature have discussed this gulf also. For example, in summarizing his own views about the psychotherapy of depression evaluation literature, Beckham [51] critically tackled the so-called "primary premise" of therapy, namely the assertion that a treatment achieves symptomatic remission by alteration of a targeted etiologic variable (cognition, interpersonal functioning, and others). In his view, the primary premises for psychotherapies of depression have not been proven.…”

Section: Psychosocial Interventions and Clinical Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have suggested that a fundamental component of psychotherapy is the provision of social relationship or social support resources. In the well-known volume Persuasion and Healing, also referred to by Beckham [51], the American psychiatrists Frank and Frank [53] argued that most therapies share in common a caring therapist-patient relationship. According to Frank and Frank [53], psychotherapy counteracts demoralization by providing an emotionally charged confiding relationship with a helping person, a healing setting, a rational conceptual scheme or myth, and a ritual.…”

Section: Psychosocial Interventions and Clinical Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of life events and social relationships on the course of major depression

Brugha

2003

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Concern about the accuracy of risk factor and mental status assessments argues for the need for more experimental research design studies on social factors in the course of depression. Gender and the history of disorder may need to be taken into account in examining the effects of adversity, interpersonal relationships, and social support on the future course of depression. This insight may be particularly critical in relation to intervention studies in which the group targeted may determine the potential for effectiveness so that negative results are not wrongly generalized to wider populations that could potentially benefit if studied. Interventions to improve mental health by providing social support have generally failed to show the enduring benefits suggested by observational studies. However, interventions that modify interpersonal functioning, which may improve the way persons perceive and value support from others, appear more promising.

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Psychotherapy of depression research at a crossroads: Directions for the 1990s

Cited by 37 publications

References 68 publications

Intensive Cognitive-Behaviour Group Therapy for Diagnostically Heterogeneous Groups of Patients with Psychiatric Disorder

Intensive Cognitive-Behaviour Group Therapy for Diagnostically Heterogeneous Groups of Patients with Psychiatric Disorder

Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie in und mit Gruppen – Ein Behandlungsprogramm für depressive Patienten in stationärer Behandlung

The effects of life events and social relationships on the course of major depression

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