Psychotherapeutische Versorgung traumatisierter geflüchteter Menschen in Deutschland

Abstract

Traumatic experiences resulting from war and violence can lead to a broad spectrum of psychological and somatic stress responses. The psychological strain of traumatized refugees is frequently aggravated by specific post-migration stressors. The current healthcare provision in Germany is characterized by many restrictions. The different residence permits are associated with a limited access to medical and psychotherapeutic services. In addition, there are several barriers limiting access of this group of patients to the healthcare system (e. g. low level of training of mental healthcare staff, language barriers and lack of financing for interpreters). Empirical studies have shown that traumatized refugees profit from existing trauma-focused and evidence-based interventions. Treatment is associated with particular challenges and issues (e. g. use of interpreters, migration and culture-specific as well as legal aspects). Specialized treatment centers for traumatized refugees use a multidisciplinary treatment approach, which includes psychotherapeutic, medical and social work interventions as well as assistance with the residential status and integration programs.

Referrals to secondary care in an outpatient primary care walk-in clinic for refugees in Germany: results from a secondary data analysis based on electronic medical records

“…Patients of all age groups frequently presented psychological problems during consultations. Although researchers maintained that many psychological disorders in the refugee population indicated immediate psychotherapy and medical treatment, 40 these treatment options usually were not available for the population of asylum seekers without regular health insurance registration. Despite limited access to psychological counselling at our walk-in clinic, two-thirds of these consultations had to be treated by our physicians without referral.…”

Care providers’ views on burden of psychosomatic symptoms of IS-traumatized female refugees participating in a Humanitarian Admission Program in Germany: A qualitative analysis

“…To integrate the psychotherapeutic provision in the health care system, a study course was founded in Northern Iraq to educate psychotherapists to be on-location at the camps of the Yazidi population [ 74 ]. Another way is a multidisciplinary treatment approach for traumatized refugees in specialized treatment centers that include psychotherapy, medical and social interventions [ 75 ]. Generally, the HAP was constructed in a way to assess the main (psycho-) somatic symptoms as experienced by the care providers in this study by offering psychosocial, medical and psychosomatic therapies for each accommodation.…”

Der Einfluss postmigratorischer Stressoren auf die Prävalenz depressiver Symptome bei Geflüchteten in Deutschland. Analyse anhand der IAB-BAMF-SOEP-Befragung 2016

“…Mit mehr als einer Million Asylanträgen hat die Zahl der Asylsuchenden in Deutschland insbesondere in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 stark zugenommen [2,3]. Jenseits kurzfristiger Schwankungen stellt die Zuwanderung von Flüchtlingen das deutsche Gesundheitssystem vor große strukturelle Herausforderungen [3,4]. Es besteht eine starke Diskrepanz zwischen dem Bedarf und den tatsächlich existierenden psychotherapeutischen und psychosozialen Versorgungsstrukturen.…”

“…Es besteht eine starke Diskrepanz zwischen dem Bedarf und den tatsächlich existierenden psychotherapeutischen und psychosozialen Versorgungsstrukturen. Das geringe Angebot und der restriktive Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung durch das Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz (AsylbLG) verhindern eine frühzeitige Behandlung der Geflüchteten [3][4][5]. Epidemiologische Untersuchungen belegen eine höhere Prävalenz von psychischen Erkrankungen wie posttrau-matische Belastungsstörungen (PTBS), Depressionen oder Angststörungen bei Flüchtlingen im Vergleich zur Bevölkerung der westlichen Industrieländer [6].…”