Psychosocial work environment and risk of ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease: a prospective longitudinal study of 75 236 construction workers

Schiöler, Linus; Söderberg, Mia; Rosengren, Annika; Järvholm, Bengt; Torén, Kjell

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3491

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The presence of chronic toxic stress from which an individual is unable to adapt to or overcome contributes to the cumulative physiological dysregulation and ultimate decline of multiple physiological systems including cardiovascular function, glucose regulation, and neurological functions [98,99]. Chronic stress is a major risk factor for the development of hypertension [100] and related cardiovascular disease [101,102]. With regard to blood pressure, both acute and chronic stress are known to activate the sympathetic nervous system to release norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve terminal that cause vasoconstriction and activate the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis (HPA).…”

Section: Chronic Stress: Common Mechanisms In Hypertension and Brain mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic stress is a major risk factor for the development of hypertension [ 100 ] and related cardiovascular disease [ 101 , 102 ]. With regard to blood pressure, both acute and chronic stress are known to activate the sympathetic nervous system to release norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve terminal that cause vasoconstriction and activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypertension and Age-Related Cognitive Impairment: Common Risk Factors and a Role for Precision Aging

et al. 2020

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Purpose of Review Precision Aging® is a novel concept that we have recently employed to describe how the model of precision medicine can be used to understand and define the multivariate risks that drive age-related cognitive impairment (ARCI). Hypertension and cardiovascular disease are key risk factors for both brain function and cognitive aging. In this review, we will discuss the common mechanisms underlying the risk factors for both hypertension and ARCI and how the convergence of these mechanisms may be amplified in an individual to drive changes in brain health and accelerate cognitive decline. Recent Findings Currently, our cognitive health span does not match our life span. Age-related cognitive impairment and preventing and treating ARCI will require an in-depth understanding of the interrelated risk factors, including individual genetic profiles, that affect brain health and brain aging. Hypertension and cardiovascular disease are important risk factors for ARCI. And, many of the risk factors for developing hypertension, such as diabetes, smoking, stress, viral infection, and age, are shared with the development of ARCI. We must first understand the mechanisms common to the converging risk factors in hypertension and ARCI and then design person-specific therapies to optimize individual brain health. Summary The understanding of the convergence of shared risk factors between hypertension and ARCI is required to develop individualized interventions to optimize brain health across the life span. We will conclude with a discussion of possible steps that may be taken to decrease ARCI and optimize an individual's cognitive life span.

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Section: Chronic Stress: Common Mechanisms In Hypertension and Brain mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and Age-Related Cognitive Impairment: Common Risk Factors and a Role for Precision Aging

et al. 2020

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“…Although most studies contained proportions of men and women between 40% to 60% 6,11,12, , eight cohort studies focused exclusively on men or women [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] . The cohort sizes ranged from 25 to 4718 participants 20,50 , while the case-control studies ranged in size from 346 to 26,949 41,51 .…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Risk Factors for Stroke

et al. 2017

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Several studies have assessed the link between psychosocial risk factors and stroke; however, the results were inconsistent. We have conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis of cohort or case-control studies to ascertain the association between psychosocial risk factors (psychological, vocational, behavioral, interpersonal, and neuropsychological) and the risk of stroke. Systematic searches were undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between 2000 and January 2017. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts. One reviewer assessed quality and extracted data, which was checked by a second reviewer. For studies that reported risk estimates, a meta-analysis was performed. We identified 41 cohort studies and 5 case-control studies. No neuropsychological papers were found. Overall, pooled adjusted estimates showed that all other psychosocial risk factors were independent risk factors for stroke. Psychological factors increased the risk of stroke by 39% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–1.51), vocational by 35% (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.20–1.51), and interpersonal by 16% (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.31), and the effects of behavioral factors were equivocal (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.20–4.31). The meta-analyses were affected by heterogeneity. Psychosocial risk factors are associated with an increased risk of stroke.

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“…Retirement means removal of heavy work tasks and increased time for health promotion, but also introduces new stressors due to reduced income and loss of a social context, which, especially if leaving work involuntarily, is linked to depression and anxiety [8, 10]. A study based on a subsample of the cohort used in this paper [23] showed that most subjects reported low job demands and a supportive social climate. If these conditions can be generalized to the whole cohort, leaving work may have little or negative effects on mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in persons with disability pension due to common mental disorders: A cohort study of Swedish construction workers

Söderberg

Schiöler

Stattin

et al. 2019

Scand J Public Health

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Aims: This study investigated mortality in disability pensions due to common mental disorder, and variation over time after first receiving disability pension. Methods: Objectives were explored in 301,863 construction workers (97.2% men) recruited through healthcare examinations from 1971–1993. By linking with the Swedish National Insurance Agency registers, disability pensions until 2014 were identified. Common mental disorder was defined as disability pension diagnosis due to anxiety, stress-related disorders or moderate depression. Mortality was calculated in all-psychiatric diagnosis and diagnostic sub-groups, and compared to persons without disability pensions, using Poisson regression. Additional analyses were stratified by age at follow-up. Results: In total 6030 subjects received disability pensions based on psychiatric diagnoses, and 2624 constituted common mental disorder. Analyses in an all-psychiatric diagnosis displayed increased mortality risks in men (relative risk 3.6; 95% confidence interval 3.3–3.9) and women (relative risk 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.6). Common mental disorder was associated with mortality, especially in men (relative risk 2.5; 95% confidence interval 2.2–2.8). Increased relative risks in alcohol and substance abuse were also observed. Results in analyses stratified by age at follow-up displayed persistent high relative risks for mortality in older ages (75–89 years) in men in all-psychiatric disability pensions diagnosis (relative risk 2.8; 95% confidence interval 2.1–3.7) and common mental disorder diagnosis (relative risk 2.6; 95% confidence interval 1.8–3.6), compared to men without disability pensions. Similar results were found in women, but few cases lowered the precision of estimates. Conclusions: This study shows that disability pension based on common mental disorders, often regarded as a ‘lighter’ psychiatric diagnosis, is a risk for early mortality in construction workers, even several years after first receiving disability pension.

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Psychosocial work environment and risk of ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease: a prospective longitudinal study of 75 236 construction workers

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Hypertension and Age-Related Cognitive Impairment: Common Risk Factors and a Role for Precision Aging

Hypertension and Age-Related Cognitive Impairment: Common Risk Factors and a Role for Precision Aging

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Risk Factors for Stroke

Mortality in persons with disability pension due to common mental disorders: A cohort study of Swedish construction workers

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