Psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania

Kyaruzi, Edna

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11347

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies conducted in South Africa and other SSA countries, most APHIV live in socially depressed environments and are subject to extreme poverty, characterized by frequent hunger [17,34]. In these settings, most households are food insecure, and incomes are primarily constituted by social grants [18,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Structural, Familial, and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Long-Term Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence amongst Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Limpopo, South Africa

Mabasa,

Madiba,

Mothiba

2023

IJERPH

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After more than two decades of the expansion of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in adolescents living with perinatal HIV (APHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa, there is still poorly sustained long-term adherence to ART due to multifactorial factors with the consequence of increased mortality and morbidity. There are little data available on the familial and structural factors which affect sustenance to long-term adherence to ART. A qualitative exploratory design was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 21 APHIV attending HIV care and management in the rural health facilities of Vhembe district in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Transcripts were translated verbatim into English, and data were analyzed using Tesch’s eight steps of qualitative data analysis. The sample consisted of APHIV 10–19 years old who were aware of their HIV status, and all had received ART for more than 5 years. They lived in extended, disrupted, grandparent- and child-headed households. They experienced food insecurities due to poverty or orphanhood, as well as living in disrupted households, which deterred them from long-term adherence. In addition, dependency on social support grants to sustain their livelihoods affected long-term adherence. APHIV had challenges with structural factors such as inconsistent clinic attendance, clashes between school activities and clinic appointments, and the lack of transport fare to the clinic, which affected adherence. Although APHIV were on one-pill fixed-dose ART, they were not able to sustain long-term adherence due to various familial, structural, and psychosocial challenges. In addition to institution-based interventions, there is a need for family, community-based, and multi-sectorial interventions to support long-term ART adherence among APHIV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Structural, Familial, and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Long-Term Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence amongst Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Limpopo, South Africa

Mabasa,

Madiba,

Mothiba

2023

IJERPH

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“…Adolescent orphans in Africa, in comparison to non-orphans, are more susceptible to adverse life experiences leading to an increase in risk for psychological symptoms (Doku et al, 2019 ; Hermenau et al, 2015 ; Marais et al, 2013 ; Puffer et al, 2012 ). Studies in Tanzania found that emotional and social risk factors increased psychological problems in adolescent orphans and emotional support and support of autonomy were lacking and were associated with decreased wellbeing (Kyaruzi, 2022 ; Msoka & Holroyd, 2018 ). Patterns of social behavior, emotional development, and identity formation during early adolescence can increase risk for poor health outcomes during mid-to-later adolescence gender-based violence, sexual and reproductive health outcomes or support positive mental wellbeing (Grootendorst-van Mil et al, 2021 ; McLaughlin et al, 2022 ; Pine et al, 2001 ; Schneiders et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and protective factors for mental health and wellbeing among adolescent orphans

Cherewick,

Dahl,

Bertomen

et al. 2023

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

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Background Research has demonstrated the importance of understanding risk factors for mental health and wellbeing. Less research has focused on protective factors that protect mental health and promote wellbeing in diverse contexts. Estimating structural paths from risk protective factors to psychopathology and wellbeing can inform prioritization of targeted investment in adolescent health programs that seek to modify factors that are most closely associated with mental wellbeing. Study objective The purpose of this study was to examine risk factors (e.g. emotional neglect, emotional abuse, physical neglect, stigma) and protective factors (e.g. community relationships, self-esteem, and autonomy) among adolescent orphans, protective associations with depression, anxiety and externalizing behaviors and promotive associations with hope, happiness, and health. Methods The analytic sample was collected between January and March of 2019 and included 350 adolescent orphans ages 10–15 from three districts in Tanzania. Participants completed survey interviews, 75–90 min in length, that measured risk and protective factors, psychological symptoms, and mental wellbeing measures. Results Results of the fitted structural equation model indicated that structural paths from protective factors to psychopathology ( β = −0.53, p = 0.015) and mental wellbeing ( β = 0.72, p = 0.014) outcomes were significant. Structural paths from risk factors to psychopathology ( β = −0.34, p = 0.108) and mental wellbeing ( β = −0.24, p = 0.405) were not significant. Conclusion In a sample of vulnerable youth, protective factors (e.g. community relationships, self-esteem, and autonomy) were significantly associated with reduced depression, anxiety and externalizing behaviors and increased hope, happiness, and health in a structural equation model that included risk factors (emotional neglect, emotional abuse, physical neglect). Results suggest that strong community relationships, self-esteem and autonomy may be important modifiable factors to target in intervention programs aimed at supporting adolescent mental wellbeing.

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“…In a sample of 132 orphans, Zhao (2000) found illness and/or disability along with varying degrees of psychological problems such as fear, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, and loneliness. Research in Tanzania has found that orphans often have emotional and behavioral problems, which greatly affect their learning behavior in school (Kyaruzi, 2022). Orphans are more likely to experience a variety of psychological problems, including high levels of anxiety, fear, loneliness, emotional shock, and trauma, as well as mental and physical discomfort and pain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and psychological analysis of typical dreams in orphan college students.

Xu,

Ying,

Feng

et al. 2024

Dreaming

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Psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Structural, Familial, and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Long-Term Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence amongst Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Limpopo, South Africa

Structural, Familial, and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Long-Term Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence amongst Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Limpopo, South Africa

Risk and protective factors for mental health and wellbeing among adolescent orphans

Characteristics and psychological analysis of typical dreams in orphan college students.

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