Psychosocial Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

Williams, Redford B.; Barefoot, John C.; Schneiderman, Neil

doi:10.1001/jama.290.16.2190

Cited by 83 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the sample analyzed here, those two psychosocial risk factors were so highly correlated as to be statistically indistinguishable. Their strong correlation is consistent with previous indications that psychosocial risk factors often come in clusters which may reflect the propagation of adverse conditions throughout multiple aspects of an individual's life (Williams, Barefoot et al 2003;Lehman, Taylor et al 2005;Taylor, Lehman et al 2006). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Depression, social support, and beta-adrenergic transcription control in human ovarian cancer

Lutgendorf

DeGeest

Sung³

et al. 2009

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

155

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motivated by previous indications that beta-adrenergic signaling can regulate tumor cell gene expression in model systems, we sought to determine whether similar dynamics occur in primary human ovarian cancer. DNA microarray analyses of 10 ovarian carcinomas identified 266 human transcripts that were differentially expressed in tumors from patients with elevated biobehavioral risk factors (high depressive symptoms and low social support) relative to grade-and stage-matched tumors from low-risk patients. Promoter-based bioinformatic analyses confirmed increased activity of several beta-adrenergically-linked transcription control pathways, including CREB/ATF, NF-κB/ Rel, STAT, and Ets family transcription factors. Consistent with increased beta-adrenergic signaling, high biobehavioral risk patients also showed increased intra-tumor concentrations of norepinephrine (but no difference in plasma norepinephrine). These data show that genome-wide transcriptional profiles are significantly altered in patients with high behavioral risk profiles, and they identify betaadrenergic signal transduction as a likely mediator of those differences.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Depression, social support, and beta-adrenergic transcription control in human ovarian cancer

Lutgendorf

DeGeest

Sung³

et al. 2009

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

155

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rather, the increased aggression suggests the s-variant females may be more impulsive in this socially challenging situation. While we did not characterize central 5HT activity, previous studies indicate that the s-variant allele in SERT gene is associated with reduced 5HT tone [32,51,52] and reduced central 5HT activity is associated with increased impulsivity and aggression [53,54] as well as hostility in humans [55,56]. Thus, the significantly higher rates of aggression in s-variant dominants compared to l/l dominant animals and the higher rates of submissive behaviors in s-variant animals suggest a difference in reactivity inherent to these genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms in the serotonin reuptake transporter gene modify the consequences of social status on metabolic health in female rhesus monkeys

Jarrell¹,

Hoffman²,

Kaplan³

et al. 2008

Physiology & Behavior

109

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals vary substantially in their vulnerability to physical and psychosocial stressors. The causes of such variation in susceptibility to stress are poorly understood, but are thought to relate in part to genetic factors. The present study evaluated the extent to which polymorphisms in the gene encoding the serotonin reuptake transporter (5HTTLPR or SERT) modulated physiologic responses to the imposition of psychosocial stress (social reorganization and subordinate social status) in female rhesus monkeys. Forty females, drawn from the middle ranking genealogies of several large social groups, were reorganized into eight groups containing 5 monkeys each; four groups were comprised entirely of animals homogeneous for the long promoter variant in the SERT gene (l/l), while the other four groups had monkeys with at least one allele of the short promoter variant (l/s or s/s). Females were sequentially introduced into these new groups in random order and dominance ranks were established within several days. During the ensuing 6 weeks, dominant monkeys exhibited elevated rates of aggression while subordinates displayed high rates of submission. Notably, females with the s-variant SERT genotype, collapsed across social status positions, exhibited the highest overall rates of both aggression and submission. Although neither social status nor SERT genotype influenced morning cortisol concentrations, glucocorticoid negative feedback was reduced significantly in subordinate compared to dominant females irrespective of genotype. All animals lost weight and abdominal fat across the experiment. However, decreases were greatest in subordinates, regardless of genotype, and least in dominant females with the l/l genotype. Serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, and ghrelin decreased significantly during the group formation process, effects that were independent of genotype or social status. In contrast, social status and genotype interacted to influence changes in serum concentrations of leptin and triiodothyronine (T3), as dominant, l/l females had the highest levels while subordinate s-variant females had the lowest levels. The order in which a female was introduced to her group generally predicted her eventual social rank. However, rank was additionally predicted by pre-experimental T3 and abdominal fat values, but only in the l/l animals. While these findings must be replicated with a larger sample size, the data suggest that the s-variant SERT genotype confers increased vulnerability to the adverse effects of psychosocial stress associated with subordinate status while the l/l genotype benefits the most from the absence of stress conferred by dominant social status. These findings suggest that genetic factors modify the responses of monkeys to social subordination and perhaps other psychosocial stressors.

show abstract

“…Lower socioeconomic status (35), lower occupational class (109), psychosocial factors such as hostility and time urgency/impatience (196), job strain (110), depression (32), low birth weight (11, 104), and high serum uric acid level (172) have been associated with increased hypertension incidence (171).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Correlates Of Blood Pressure and Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HYPERTENSION: Trends in Prevalence, Incidence, and Control

Hajjar

Kotchen

2006

Annu. Rev. Public Health

292

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

■ Abstract Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide.Prior to 1990, population data suggest that hypertension prevalence was decreasing; however, recent data suggest that it is again on the rise. In -2002.6% of the U.S. population had hypertension. Hypertension prevalence has also been increasing in other countries, and an estimated 972 million people in the world are suffering from this problem. Incidence rates of hypertension range between 3% and 18%, depending on the age, gender, ethnicity, and body size of the population studied. Despite advances in hypertension treatment, control rates continue to be suboptimal. Only about one third of all hypertensives are controlled in the United States. Programs that improve hypertension control rates and prevent hypertension are urgently needed. DEFINING HYPERTENSIONThe definition of hypertension has changed over time in response to better understanding of the pathophysiology, actuarial considerations of the life insurance industry, studies of blood pressure in diverse populations, consideration of the interaction of blood pressure levels and comorbid conditions, landmark studies of blood pressure-related health outcomes, and the development and evaluation of effective antihypertensive therapies. Definitions for the upper level of normal ranges of blood pressure for adults have been based on epidemiological findings relating blood pressure levels to risks for adverse outcomes in populations and evidence from clinical trials demonstrating reduced risk of adverse outcomes with antihypertensive therapies.Epidemiological data support a continuous, incremental risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and renal disease across levels of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (89,151,184). The life insurance industry was the first to relate mortality

show abstract

Psychosocial Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 83 publications

References 30 publications

Depression, social support, and beta-adrenergic transcription control in human ovarian cancer

Depression, social support, and beta-adrenergic transcription control in human ovarian cancer

Polymorphisms in the serotonin reuptake transporter gene modify the consequences of social status on metabolic health in female rhesus monkeys

HYPERTENSION: Trends in Prevalence, Incidence, and Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About