Psychosocial predictors of physical activity in adolescents

Reynolds, Kim D.; Killen, Joel D.; Bryson, Susan W.; Maron, David J.; Taylor, C. Barr; Maccoby, Nathan; Farquhar, John W.

doi:10.1016/0091-7435(90)90052-l

Cited by 195 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Direct social support as well as self-efficacy have been shown to be important predictors of participation in physical activity for youth. 62 The high rates of peer victimization identified among overweight youth 63 may result in reduced participation in sports. Faith found that children who are criticized for their weight by their parents or by other children are less likely to enjoy sports, and less likely to participate in mild-intensity leisure activity.…”

Section: Physical Activity and The Development Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and sedentary behavior: a review of longitudinal studies of weight and adiposity in youth

2005

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AIM:To review the published prospective observational studies of the relationship of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the development of overweight and adiposity, with an emphasis on methodologic issues. METHODS: Sample size, population studied, length of follow-up, assessment of exposure (physical activity, inactivity, or sedentary behavior), assessment of outcome (relative weight, overweight, % body fatness, adiposity), statistical approach, and main findings were extracted, summarized, and key methodological issues highlighted. RESULTS: In total, 17 studies of physical activity and 15 studies of inactivity/sedentary behavior were identified; as these were not mutually exclusive, 20 unique studies were reviewed. Results were mixed, with most studies showing an inverse association of physical activity with weight or fatness outcomes and/or a direct association of inactivity/sedentary behavior with weight or fatness outcomes. The effects identified were generally of small magnitude. Imprecise measurement of activity exposures likely weakens the observed relationships. Most studies used a pre-post design and had limited duration of follow-up (r2 y). Studies with longer and more frequent follow-up did not always use the most advantageous statistical approach. CONCLUSIONS: On balance, the available evidence from prospective observational studies suggests that increased physical activity and decreased sedentary behavior are protective against relative weight and fatness gains over childhood and adolescence. In addition to improved measurement methods, longer and more frequent follow-up as well as truly longitudinal analysis methods would help establish these important prevention and intervention targets, and identify subgroups or development periods where interventions would likely be effective.

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Section: Physical Activity and The Development Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and sedentary behavior: a review of longitudinal studies of weight and adiposity in youth

2005

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“…22 From a developmental perspective, adolescence is a time during which peer influences on behavior increase significantly. 23 For example, peer and family involvement with physical activity are predictors of activity level for adolescent females 24 and peer support has been used as a key element of interventions targeting other health risk behaviors of adolescents. 25 Middle adolescence, defined as 14-16 years of age, has been identified as a time during which adolescents may be most influenced by peers, 26 suggesting that a peer intervention may have particular significance for this age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Adventure therapy’ combined with cognitive-behavioral treatment for overweight adolescents

et al. 2005

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Objective: Since peers have such an important influence on adolescents, we evaluated the efficacy of adding peer-based 'adventure therapy' to a standard cognitive-behavioral weight control program for overweight adolescents. Methods: Adolescents (N ¼ 76) aged 13-16 years and 20 to 80% overweight (M ¼ 60.56%, s.d. ¼ 15.17%), were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions: cognitive-behavioral group treatment with 'adventure therapy' similar to Outward Bound s (cognitive-behavioral treatment with peer-enhanced adventure therapy (CBT þ PEAT)) or cognitive-behavioral group treatment with aerobic exercise (CBT þ EXER). Anthropometric and psychosocial measures were obtained at baseline, at the end of the 16-week intervention, and at 10 months following randomization. Results: Adolescents assigned to both treatment conditions demonstrated significant weight loss over time, F ¼ 29.06, df ¼ 2, 53, Po0.01. Average weight loss did not differ significantly between groups (À5.31 kg for CBT þ PEAT and À3.20 kg for CBT þ EXER) at the end of treatment. There was a significant difference in the percentage of participants maintaining a minimum 4.5 kg (10 pounds) weight loss (35% in the CBT þ PEAT condition vs 12% in the CBT þ EXER condition, P ¼ 0.042) 10 months from randomization. We also observed a significant age by treatment group interaction, such that older adolescents randomized to CBT þ PEAT demonstrated more than four times the weight loss of older adolescents assigned to CBT þ EXER (M ¼ À7.86 kg vs M ¼ À1.72 kg) at the end of treatment. Conclusions: Peer-based 'adventure therapy' is a promising adjunct to standard cognitive-behavioral weight control intervention for adolescents, and may be most effective for older adolescents.

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“…Self-efficacy (SELF), social support and intention (INTENT) towards PA were evaluated with a questionnaire previously used in the Stanford Adolescent Heart Health Programme. 15 In our cohort, this questionnaire, which consists of 13 items scored on a six-point Likert scale rating from strongly agree to strongly disagree, had test-retest reliability coefficients (n ¼ 79) of 0.69 and 0.68 for SELF and INTENT, respectively. At baseline, Cronbach's alpha of the SELF and INTENT scales were 0.81 and 0.79, respectively, in the total sample of participants.…”

Section: Intervention Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intervention centred on adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behaviour (ICAPS): concept and 6-month results

Simon¹,

Wagner²,

DiVita³

et al. 2004

Int J Obes

112

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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the 6-month impact of a physical activity (PA) multilevel intervention on activity patterns and psychological predictors of PA among adolescents. The intervention was directed at changing knowledge and attitudes and at providing social support and environmental conditions that encourage PA of adolescents inside and outside school. SUBJECTS AND DESIGN: Randomised, controlled ongoing field trial (ICAPS) in middle-school's first-level adolescents from eight schools selected in the department of the Bas-Rhin (Eastern France) with a cohort of 954 adolescents (92% of the eligible students) initially aged 11.770.6 y. The 6-month changes in participation in leisure organised PA (LOPA), high sedentary (SED) behaviour (43h/day), self-efficacy (SELF) and intention (INTENT) towards PA were analysed after controlling for baseline measures and different covariables (age, overweight, socioprofessional occupation), taking into account the cluster randomisation design. RESULTS: The proportion of intervention adolescents not engaged in organised PA was reduced by 50% whereas it was unchanged among control students. After adjustment for baseline covariables, LOPA participation significantly increased among the intervention adolescents (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) (OR) ¼ 3.38 (1.42-8.05) in girls; 1.73 (1.12-2.66) in boys), while high SED was reduced (OR ¼ 0.54 (0.38-0.77) in girls; 0.52 (0.35-0.76) in boys). The intervention improved SELF in girls, whatever their baseline LOPA (Po10 À4 ) and INTENT in girls with no baseline LOPA (P ¼ 0.04). SELF tended to improve in boys with no baseline LOPA, without reaching statistical significance. When included in the regression, follow-up LOPA was associated with improvement of SELF in girls (P ¼ 0.02) and of INTENT in girls with no baseline PA (Po0.02). The intervention effect was then attenuated. CONCLUSION: After 6 months of intervention, ICAPS was associated with a significant improvement of activity patterns and psychological predictors, indicating a promising approach for modifying the long-term PA level of adolescents.

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Psychosocial predictors of physical activity in adolescents

Cited by 195 publications

References 10 publications

Physical activity and sedentary behavior: a review of longitudinal studies of weight and adiposity in youth

Physical activity and sedentary behavior: a review of longitudinal studies of weight and adiposity in youth

‘Adventure therapy’ combined with cognitive-behavioral treatment for overweight adolescents

Intervention centred on adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behaviour (ICAPS): concept and 6-month results

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