Partners play a critical role in making decisions about fertility preservation among young patients with cancer, yet little is known about these dyadic decisions when planning cancer treatment. Fertility preservation entails helping cancer patients preserve fertility after cancer treatment. This qualitative study investigated: 1) Heterosexual couples' responses to potential fertility loss; 2) their process in making fertility preservation decisions; 3) their ethical and legal concerns, and 4) recommendations for other couples undergoing similar treatment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 heterosexual couples whose female partners were diagnosed with cancer and had received fertility preservation consultations within the past 5 years. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory methods. The results indicated that couples have varied reactions to infertility. In most, spouses let the patients take the lead in, and supported, their fertility preservation decisions. Spouses recommended support to patients. Couples face challenges in making fertility preservation decisions. Input from, and support for, both partners is essential to ensure well-informed, high-quality fertility preservation decisions. ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank all of the participants who took part in the study willingly and whole heartedly. This is a sensitive topic and it is never easy to share these stories. I am very thankful to all my committee members for their feedback and guidance. I would especially like to thank Dr. Terri Woodard for giving me this opportunity at the MD Anderson Research Center. I also would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Dr. E. Roberto Orellana, for his guidance and lending a patient ear to my struggles. I appreciate Dr. Pauline Jivanjee truly for her feedback and challenging me to produce an improved work. Many thanks and heartfelt gratitude to my husband, Saurabh, for encouraging me to pursue this endeavor and supporting me through the process. Despite his own busy schedule, there were times when he assumed the full responsibility for our children so I could focus on my work. In particular, I thank my parents, who taught me to dream big and aim high in life.